{"id":761,"date":"2026-04-17T09:27:13","date_gmt":"2026-04-17T06:27:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/?p=761"},"modified":"2026-04-17T09:27:14","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T06:27:14","slug":"yaslilarda-romatolojik-hastaliklar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/genel\/yaslilarda-romatolojik-hastaliklar\/","title":{"rendered":"Ya\u015fl\u0131larda Romatolojik Hastal\u0131klar"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><strong>Yazar:<\/strong> \u00d6\u011fr.G\u00f6r.Dr. Ziya Uzun            <strong> Edit\u00f6r: <\/strong>Do\u00e7.Dr. Ebru \u00dcnal Ako\u011flu <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Modern t\u0131ptaki geli\u015fmeler sonucunda ya\u015fam beklentisinin uzamas\u0131yla birlikte sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131na ba\u015fvuran geriatrik hasta say\u0131s\u0131nda ciddi art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6zlenmektedir. Ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerde kas-iskelet sistemi hastal\u0131klar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131n olup, romatolojik hastal\u0131klardan kaynakl\u0131 klinik prezentasyon \u015fekilleri geni\u015f bir yelpazede de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. 65 ya\u015f \u00fczeri pop\u00fclasyonda artrit prevalans\u0131 %50\u2019ye yakla\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum, romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil; ayn\u0131 zamanda klinik prezentasyonunu, tan\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini ve y\u00f6netimini de \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r <sup>1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Geriatrik hastalarda romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi, gen\u00e7 hastalara k\u0131yasla daha karma\u015f\u0131k olup, ya\u015flanma ile birlikte ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan fizyolojik de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, imm\u00fcn sistemdeki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve artan komorbid hastal\u0131k y\u00fck\u00fc bu durumun ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenlerini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bu fakt\u00f6rler, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imini ve klinik seyrini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilemektedir. Geriatrik pop\u00fclasyonda komorbid hastal\u0131klar\u0131n y\u00fcksek prevalans\u0131, polifarmasi ve geriatrik sendromlar\u0131n s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmesi daha zorlu bir tan\u0131 ve tedavi s\u00fcrecine neden olmaktad\u0131r <sup>2,3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Geriatrik pop\u00fclasyonda romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biri atipik prezentasyondur. Bir\u00e7ok romatolojik hastal\u0131ktaki klasik eklem bulgular\u0131ndan ziyade nonspesifik semptomlar \u015feklinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Deliryum, d\u00fc\u015fme, fonksiyon kayb\u0131 veya genel durum bozuklu\u011fu gibi acil serviste s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan \u015fikayetler olup, altta yatan bir romatolojik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6stergesi olabilir ve tan\u0131 s\u00fcrecini g\u00fc\u00e7le\u015ftirebilir. Ayr\u0131ca ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda geni\u015f ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tan\u0131 yelpazesi de\u011ferlendirme s\u00fcrecinde gecikmelere ve tan\u0131sal hatalara yol a\u00e7abilmektedir <sup>1<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u015flanma s\u00fcrecinde geli\u015fen inflammaging (kronik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde inflamasyon) ve fizyolojik rezervde azalma, romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n patogenezinde ve klinik seyrinde \u00f6nemli rol oynamaktad\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ler yaln\u0131zca hastal\u0131k geli\u015fimine katk\u0131da bulunmakla kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda klinik bulgular\u0131n maskelenmesine ve hastal\u0131klar\u0131n daha sinsi seyretmesine neden olabilir. Geriatrik pop\u00fclasyonda romatolojik hastal\u0131klar de\u011ferlendirilirken, tan\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hastan\u0131n biyolojik ya\u015f\u0131, fonksiyonel durumu ve genel sa\u011fl\u0131k profili b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ele al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r <sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu yaz\u0131da, ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n klinik \u00f6zellikleri, tan\u0131sal g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fckler ve tedavi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcncel literat\u00fcr \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ele almay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ya\u015flanma S\u00fcrecinde Romatolojik Hastal\u0131klar\u0131 Etkileyen Fakt\u00f6rler<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u015flanma ile birlikte romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imi, klinik seyri ve tedaviye yan\u0131t\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Kas-iskelet sistemi, imm\u00fcn sistem ve metabolik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerde meydana gelen de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n daha karma\u015f\u0131k ve atipik bir klinik tablo ile seyretmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r. Ya\u015flanma s\u00fcreciyle birlikte ba\u015fl\u0131ca \u015fu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0130nflammaging: <\/strong>Son y\u0131llarda ya\u015flanma ile ili\u015fkili en \u00f6nemli kavramlardan biri olup, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerde \u00e7o\u011fu zaman klinik olarak belirgin olmayan ancak sistemik d\u00fczeyde artm\u0131\u015f kronik inflamatuvar durumu ifade eder. Inflammaging esnas\u0131nda,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>IL-6, TNF-\u03b1 ve CRP gibi inflamatuvar belirte\u00e7ler artar<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Otoantikor \u00fcretimi artabilir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f dokusunda s\u00fcrekli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck d\u00fczeyde inflamasyon geli\u015febilir<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu kronik inflamasyon s\u00fcreci, romatoid artrit, polimiyaljia romatika ve di\u011fer inflamatuvar romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n geli\u015fimine zemin haz\u0131rlarken; ayn\u0131 zamanda <strong><em>romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n daha sinsi ve atipik seyretmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r<\/em><\/strong> <sup>4,5<\/sup>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k Sistemindeki De\u011fi\u015fiklikler:<\/strong> Ya\u015flanma ile birlikte ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminde meydana gelen de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, inflamatuvar yan\u0131t dengesini bozarak romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n geli\u015fimini ve klinik seyrini etkilemektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>\u0130mm\u00fcn yan\u0131t\u0131n d\u00fczenlenmesindeki bozulma ve inflamasyon kontrol\u00fcn\u00fcn zay\u0131flamas\u0131, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n daha silik ve atipik bulgularla seyretmesine yol a\u00e7ar. <\/em><\/strong>Ayr\u0131ca enfeksiyon\u2013inflamasyon dengesindeki de\u011fi\u015fim, klinik de\u011ferlendirmede yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olabilir <sup>3<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Kas \u0130skelet Sistemi De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri:<\/strong> Ya\u015flanma s\u00fcrecinde kas-iskelet sisteminde yap\u0131sal ve fonksiyonel de\u011fi\u015fiklikler meydana gelir. Eklem k\u0131k\u0131rda\u011f\u0131nda dejenerasyon, eklem y\u00fczeylerinde a\u015f\u0131nma ve sinovyal s\u0131v\u0131 \u00fcretiminde azalma dejeneratif s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin temelini olu\u015fturur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Kas k\u00fctlesinde ve g\u00fcc\u00fcnde azalma (sarkopeni), eklem stabilitesini bozarak y\u00fck da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fimlere neden olmaktad\u0131r. <\/em><\/strong>Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler osteoartrit geli\u015fimini h\u0131zland\u0131rmakta, inflamatuvar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin etkisini art\u0131rmakta ve ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda daha a\u011f\u0131r klinik seyir ve belirgin fonksiyon kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r <sup>6<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Komorbid Hastal\u0131klar ve Sistemik Etkile\u015fimleri:<\/strong> Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda romatolojik hastal\u0131klar s\u0131kl\u0131kla di\u011fer kronik hastal\u0131klarla birlikte g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Artm\u0131\u015f komorbidite y\u00fck\u00fc, hastal\u0131klar\u0131n klinik prezentasyonunu ve y\u00f6netimini do\u011frudan etkilemektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kardiyovask\u00fcler hastal\u0131klar, diyabet ve b\u00f6brek hastal\u0131klar\u0131 gibi durumlar inflamatuvar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerle etkile\u015fime girerek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n seyrini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir. <strong><em>Kronik inflamasyon ile ateroskleroz aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki, romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n sistemik etkilerini daha belirgin hale getirmektedir <\/em><\/strong><sup>3<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Geriatrik Sendromlar ve K\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k (Frailty):<\/strong> K\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k, ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n prognozunu belirleyen temel fakt\u00f6rlerden biridir. <strong><em>Fizyolojik rezervde azalma ve stres yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n zay\u0131flamas\u0131, hastalar\u0131n hastal\u0131k tolerans\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaktad\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Romatolojik hastal\u0131klar ise bu s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131rarak kas kayb\u0131, mobilite azalmas\u0131 ve artm\u0131\u015f enerji t\u00fcketimine neden olur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu nedenle <strong><em>romatolojik hastal\u0131klar ile k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k aras\u0131nda \u00e7ift y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir ili\u015fki bulunmaktad\u0131r <\/em><\/strong>ve bu durum hastalar\u0131n genel sa\u011fl\u0131k durumunu belirgin \u015fekilde etkilemektedir <sup>3,7<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Metabolik ve Hormonal De\u011fi\u015fiklikler:<\/strong> Ya\u015flanma ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan metabolik ve hormonal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n geli\u015fimini ve seyri \u00fczerine etkilidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Kemik mineral yo\u011funlu\u011funda azalma, kas g\u00fcc\u00fcnde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ve metabolik dengesizlikler kas-iskelet sistemi \u00fczerinde olumsuz etkiler olu\u015fturur.<\/em><\/strong> Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler hastal\u0131k geli\u015fimine yatk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rmakta ve mevcut hastal\u0131klar\u0131n daha a\u011f\u0131r seyretmesine neden olmaktad\u0131r <sup>8<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Farmakolojik De\u011fi\u015fiklikler ve Tedaviye Etkisi:<\/strong> Ya\u015flanma s\u00fcreci, ila\u00e7lar\u0131n farmakokinetik ve farmakodinamik \u00f6zelliklerini etkileyerek tedaviye verilen yan\u0131t\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmektedir. Karaci\u011fer ve b\u00f6brek fonksiyonlar\u0131ndaki azalma, ila\u00e7lar\u0131n yar\u0131 \u00f6m\u00fcrlerinin uzamas\u0131na ve yan etki riskinin artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tedavisinde ila\u00e7 se\u00e7imi ve doz ayarlamas\u0131 s\u00fcrecinde bireyselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f yakla\u015f\u0131mlar gereklidir<\/em><\/strong> <sup>9<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ya\u015fl\u0131 Hastalarda De\u011fi\u015fen Romatolojik Hastal\u0131k Spektrumu ve Klinik Etkileri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u015flanma s\u00fcreciyle birlikte romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda hastal\u0131k \u015fiddeti, klinik seyri ve hastaya olan etkileri de belirgin \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. Bu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler; imm\u00fcn sistemdeki yeniden yap\u0131lanma, kronik inflamasyon art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve fizyolojik rezervde azalma ile yak\u0131ndan ili\u015fkilidir. Ayn\u0131 hastal\u0131k, ya\u015fl\u0131 bireylerde gen\u00e7 bireylere k\u0131yasla tamamen farkl\u0131 bir klinik tablo ile prezente olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Geriatrik hastalarda romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesinde temel yakla\u015f\u0131m; hangi hastal\u0131klar\u0131n daha a\u011f\u0131r seyretti\u011fi, hangilerinin atipik prezentasyon g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi ve hangilerinin daha hafif klinik seyir izledi\u011finin belirlenmesidir. <strong><em>Klinik de\u011ferlendirmede hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131ndan ziyade hastaya olan etkisi \u00f6n planda tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/em><\/strong> <sup>1,3<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131kta Yeni Ortaya \u00c7\u0131kan Romatolojik Hastal\u0131klar Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Polimiyaljia Romatika: <\/strong>Genellikle 50 ya\u015f ve \u00fczerinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan, ileri ya\u015fa \u00f6zg\u00fc inflamatuvar bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En s\u0131k omuz ve kal\u00e7a ku\u015fa\u011f\u0131nda a\u011fr\u0131 ve belirgin sabah tutuklu\u011fu ile karakterizedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalar \u00e7o\u011funlukla a\u011fr\u0131dan ziyade hareket k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan yak\u0131n\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Klinik olarak bilateral omuz a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, 45 dakikadan uzun s\u00fcren sabah tutuklu\u011fu, \u00fcst ekstremite hareketlerinde k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131k ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck aktivitelerde azalma \u00f6n plandad\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eritrosit sedimentasyon h\u0131z\u0131 ve C-reaktif protein d\u00fczeyleri s\u0131kl\u0131kla y\u00fcksektir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck doz kortikosteroid tedavisine dramatik yan\u0131t vermesi tan\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir ipucudur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Polimiyalji romatika ile temporal arterit birlikteli\u011fi s\u0131k oldu\u011fundan, ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve g\u00f6rsel semptomlar mutlaka sorgulanmal\u0131d\u0131r <sup>9<\/sup><\/em><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Dev H\u00fccreli Arterit (Temporal Arterit):<\/strong> \u0130leri ya\u015flarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen b\u00fcy\u00fck damar vask\u00fclitlerinden biridir ve genellikle 50 ya\u015f \u00fczeri bireylerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hastal\u0131k s\u0131kl\u0131kla yeni ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7l\u0131 ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ile prezente olur; \u00e7ene kladikasyonu, sa\u00e7l\u0131 deride hassasiyet ve g\u00f6rme bozukluklar\u0131 e\u015flik edebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>G\u00f6rme kayb\u0131 en ciddi ve genellikle geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcms\u00fcz komplikasyondur.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda yeni geli\u015fen ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda dev h\u00fccreli arterit mutlaka akla gelmelidir.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Polimiyaljia romatika ile s\u0131k birliktelik g\u00f6stermesi nedeniyle ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 klinik de\u011ferlendirme gereklidir <sup>10<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131kla birlikte etkisi artan romatolojik hastal\u0131klar hangileridir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Osteoartrit:<\/strong> Ya\u015fl\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonda en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen romatolojik hastal\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En s\u0131k diz, kal\u00e7a ve el eklemlerini tutar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mekanik karakterde, hareketle artan ve istirahatle azalan a\u011fr\u0131 ile seyreder.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zamanla eklem hareketlerinde k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131k ve deformite geli\u015fir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesiyle mobilitede azalma, kas g\u00fcc\u00fcnde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ve sarkopeni geli\u015ferek d\u00fc\u015fme riskini art\u0131r\u0131r ve ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ya\u015fam\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Osteoartrit, ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda fonksiyonel kapasiteyi do\u011frudan etkileyen \u00f6nemli bir sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunudur<\/em><\/strong> <sup>11,12<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Gut Artriti:<\/strong> \u00dcrik asit kristallerinin eklem i\u00e7inde birikmesi sonucu geli\u015fen inflamatuvar bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r ve ya\u015fla birlikte s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Gen\u00e7 hastalarda tipik olarak birinci metatarsofalangeal eklem tutulumu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, <strong><em>ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda daha atipik eklem tutulumlar\u0131 izlenebilir.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hastal\u0131k ya\u015fl\u0131larda daha kronik seyredebilir ve tof\u00fcs olu\u015fumu daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>B\u00f6brek hastal\u0131klar\u0131, di\u00fcretik kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve metabolik bozukluklar geli\u015fim riskini art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda akut eklem a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilirken gut artriti mutlaka ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tan\u0131da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir <sup>13<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Romatoid Artrit: <\/strong>Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda romatoid artrit farkl\u0131 klinik \u00f6zellikler g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ge\u00e7 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7l\u0131 romatoid artrit genellikle daha ani ba\u015flar ve b\u00fcy\u00fck eklemleri tutma e\u011filimindedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ge\u00e7 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta sistemik inflamasyon bulgular\u0131 daha belirgin olabilir ve klasik k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck eklem tutulumu her zaman \u00f6n planda olmayabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu durum tan\u0131da gecikmeye yol a\u00e7abilir ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ilerlemesine ba\u011fl\u0131 fonksiyon kayb\u0131 geli\u015febilir <sup>1,3<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Osteoporoz: <\/strong>Kemik mineral yo\u011funlu\u011funda azalma ile karakterize olup ya\u015fl\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonda olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Genellikle asemptomatik seyretmekte ve ilk bulgu k\u0131r\u0131k geli\u015fimi olabilmektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>\u00d6zellikle vertebra ve kal\u00e7a k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 mortalite ve morbiditeyi art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hormonal de\u011fi\u015fiklikler ve \u00f6zellikle postmenopozal d\u00f6nemde \u00f6strojen azalmas\u0131 osteoporoz geli\u015fiminde \u00f6nemli rol oynar.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu nedenle osteoporoz yaln\u0131zca bir kemik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fil, <strong><em>ya\u015fam kalitesi ve ya\u015fam s\u00fcresini etkileyen \u00f6nemli bir durumdur<\/em><\/strong> <sup>14<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131kla birlikte etkisi azalan romatolojik hastal\u0131klar var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sistemik Lupus Eritematozus:<\/strong> Genellikle gen\u00e7 kad\u0131nlarda g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu otoimm\u00fcn hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n ileri ya\u015fta ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 nadirdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde daha atipik bir klinik seyir izler ve klasik organ tutulumlar\u0131 daha az belirgindir. <\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Halsizlik, kilo kayb\u0131 ve hafif eklem a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131 gibi nonspesifik semptomlar \u00f6n planda olabilir. Bu durum tan\u0131da gecikmelere neden olabilmektedir <sup>1<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Spondiloartropatiler: <\/strong>Genellikle gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta ba\u015flayan bu hastal\u0131k grubu ileri ya\u015flarda nadir g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0130nflamatuvar s\u0131rt a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve sabah tutuklu\u011fu temel klinik \u00f6zelliklerdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong><em>Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda s\u0131rt a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlukla mekanik nedenlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tan\u0131 dikkatli yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu hastal\u0131klar ileri ya\u015f grubunda nadir g\u00f6r\u00fclmeleri nedeniyle tan\u0131sal de\u011ferlendirmede daha geri planda yer al\u0131r <sup>1<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ya\u015fl\u0131lardaki Romatolojik Durumlar\u0131n Acil Servis De\u011ferlendirmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acil serviste ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda romatolojik a\u00e7\u0131dan de\u011ferlendirme, gen\u00e7 eri\u015fkinlere k\u0131yasla daha karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Ya\u015fl\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonda komorbidite y\u00fck\u00fc, polifarmasi ve k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131k (frailty) s\u0131kl\u0131kla birlikte bulunmakta; inflamatuvar romatolojik hastal\u0131klar ise \u00e7o\u011fu zaman klasik klinik bulgularla prezente olmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>D\u00fc\u015fme, deliryum, fonksiyon kayb\u0131, yeni geli\u015fen immobilite ve a\u00e7\u0131klanamayan a\u011fr\u0131 gibi s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan semptom ve bulgular, altta yatan romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131 maskeleyebilir.<\/em><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Acil serviste ilk yakla\u015f\u0131m<\/em><\/strong>, yaln\u0131zca eklem a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmekten ziyade ba\u015fvurunun enfeksiyon, vask\u00fclit kaynakl\u0131 iskemi, ila\u00e7 toksisitesi veya yeni geli\u015fen fonksiyon kayb\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemeye odaklanmal\u0131d\u0131r <sup>3<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Acil servis yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n temeli, \u00f6ncelikle hayat\u0131 tehdit eden durumlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130lk de\u011ferlendirmede vital bulgular, bilin\u00e7 durumu, yeni geli\u015fen y\u00fcr\u00fcme bozuklu\u011fu, d\u00fc\u015fme \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc, imm\u00fcnsupresyon varl\u0131\u011f\u0131, yak\u0131n d\u00f6nemde ba\u015flanan veya kesilen steroid ve di\u011fer romatolojik tedaviler ile mevcut ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. Ayr\u0131ca e\u015flik eden geriatrik sendromlar, polifarmasi ve y\u00fcksek riskli ila\u00e7 kullan\u0131m\u0131 (steroidler, nonsteroid antiinflamatuar ila\u00e7lar, biyolojik ajanlar vb.), k\u0131sa d\u00f6nem olumsuz sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 art\u0131rarak acil serviste uygulanacak tedavinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini do\u011frudan etkileyebilmektedir <sup>15<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong><em>Acil serviste yap\u0131lan en \u00f6nemli hatalardan biri, ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda s\u0131cak, \u015fi\u015f ve a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 eklemin yaln\u0131zca romatizmal hastal\u0131k alevlenmesi olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesidir.<\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tan\u0131da \u00f6ncelikle d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131 gereken durum <strong><em>septik artrittir.<\/em><\/strong> \u0130leri ya\u015fta y\u00fcksek mortalite ve morbiditeye sahip olan bu tablo, acil tan\u0131 ve tedavi gerektirir. Gecikme; sepsis, kal\u0131c\u0131 eklem hasar\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcm riskinde art\u0131\u015fa yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu nedenle erken eklem aspirasyonu, sinovyal s\u0131v\u0131 analizi, uygun antibiyotik tedavisi ve gerekti\u011finde cerrahi kaynak kontrol\u00fc kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0130mm\u00fcnsupresif tedavi alan ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda enfeksiyon bulgular\u0131n\u0131n silik olabilece\u011fi, ate\u015f yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n bask\u0131lanabilece\u011fi ve laboratuvar bulgular\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131 olabilece\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zetle, acil serviste monoartrit de\u011ferlendirmesinde temel yakla\u015f\u0131m <strong><em>\u201c\u00f6nce septik artriti d\u0131\u015fla, sonra inflamasyonu tan\u0131mla\u201d <\/em><\/strong>\u015feklinde olmal\u0131d\u0131r <sup>16<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Septik artrit ay\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 tan\u0131s\u0131nda kristal artritler de \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar<\/em><\/strong>. \u00dcrik asit veya kalsiyum pirofosfat kristallerinin eklemde birikimi ile olu\u015fan bu hastal\u0131klar, \u00f6zellikle ileri ya\u015fta s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ve septik artriti taklit edebilir. Nadiren iki durum birlikte de bulunabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bu nedenle akut mono- veya oligoartrit ile ba\u015fvuran hastalarda kristal artrit d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclse dahi <strong><em>eklem aspirasyonu uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r<\/em><\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tedavide kullan\u0131lan nonsteroid antiinflamatuar (NSA\u0130) ila\u00e7lar, kol\u015fisin ve glukokortikoidler ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda b\u00f6brek fonksiyon bozuklu\u011fu, gastrointestinal kanama ve ila\u00e7 etkile\u015fimleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan dikkatle de\u011ferlendirilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bu hasta grubunda standart tedavi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan ziyade <strong><em>bireyselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f tedavi planlar\u0131<\/em><\/strong> tercih edilmelidir <sup>13,17<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Acil serviste g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nemli bir di\u011fer durum <strong><em>dev h\u00fccreli arterit ve ili\u015fkili polimiyaljia romatikad\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Elli ya\u015f\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcndeki hastalarda <strong><em>yeni ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7l\u0131 ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131, \u00e7ene kladikasyonu, sa\u00e7l\u0131 deri hassasiyeti, ani g\u00f6rme azalmas\u0131 veya diplopi<\/em><\/strong> varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu tan\u0131lar mutlaka akla gelmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dev h\u00fccreli arterit, g\u00f6rmeyi tehdit eden bir vask\u00fclit olup erken d\u00f6nemde y\u00fcksek doz glukokortikoid tedavisinin ba\u015flanmas\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 g\u00f6rme kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Polimiyaljia romatika genellikle daha subakut seyretmekle birlikte, e\u015flik eden dev h\u00fccreli arterit a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131 ve g\u00f6rsel semptomlar mutlaka sorgulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Y\u00fcksek <strong><em>eritrosit sedimentasyon h\u0131z\u0131 (ESR) ve C-reaktif protein (CRP)<\/em><\/strong> d\u00fczeyleri ile birlikte klinik \u015f\u00fcphe varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ampirik tedavi geciktirilmemelidir <sup>18,19<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0130leri ya\u015ftaki hastalarda b\u00fcy\u00fck eklemleri tutan a\u011fr\u0131 ve beklenenden y\u00fcksek akut faz reaktanlar\u0131 (AFR) varl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca dejeneratif hastal\u0131k d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclerek semptomatik tedavi verilmesi \u00f6nemli bir hatad\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ge\u00e7 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7l\u0131 romatoid artrit akut semptomlarla ba\u015fvurabilir, b\u00fcy\u00fck ve proksimal eklemleri daha s\u0131k tutabilir ve daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seropozitiflik g\u00f6sterebilir. Bu durum osteoartrit gibi hastal\u0131klarla kar\u0131\u015farak tan\u0131da gecikmeye neden olabilir. Ayr\u0131ca ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda romatoid artrit varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, daha y\u00fcksek komorbidite ve artm\u0131\u015f hastane yat\u0131\u015f oranlar\u0131 ile ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fu bildirilmi\u015ftir <sup>20<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ya\u015fl\u0131 romatoloji hastalar\u0131nda acil serviste yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir bile\u015feni de ila\u00e7 g\u00fcvenli\u011fidir. <\/em><\/strong>Romatolojik tedaviler, biyolojik ajanlar, steroidler, antikoag\u00fclanlar, di\u00fcretikler ve analjeziklerin kombinasyonu hem ba\u015fvuru semptomlar\u0131n\u0131 hem de tedavi risklerini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkileyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Bu nedenle acil serviste <strong><em>yaln\u0131zca \u201changi ila\u00e7lar kullan\u0131l\u0131yor?\u201d sorusu de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u201changi ila\u00e7lar mevcut klinik tabloyu a\u011f\u0131rla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor?\u201d<\/em><\/strong> sorusu da sorulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>NSA\u0130 ila\u00e7lara ba\u015flanmadan \u00f6nce b\u00f6brek fonksiyonlar\u0131, kalp yetmezli\u011fi ve kanama riski, steroid tedavisinden \u00f6nce enfeksiyon, hiperglisemi ve deliryum riski, kol\u015fisin kullan\u0131m\u0131nda ise b\u00f6brek fonksiyon bozuklu\u011fu ve ila\u00e7 etkile\u015fimleri dikkatle de\u011ferlendirilmelidir <sup>21<\/sup>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Son s\u00f6z olarak \u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda romatolojik hastal\u0131klar\u0131n acil servis de\u011ferlendirmesi; atipik klinik prezentasyon, artm\u0131\u015f komorbidite y\u00fck\u00fc ve polifarmasi nedeniyle gen\u00e7 hastalara k\u0131yasla daha karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu hasta grubunda ba\u015fvurular \u00e7o\u011funlukla klasik eklem bulgular\u0131ndan ziyade fonksiyon kayb\u0131, d\u00fc\u015fme, deliryum ve genel durum bozuklu\u011fu gibi nonspesifik semptomlarla olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Acil serviste yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n temeli, romatolojik hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tan\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 koymaktan \u00f6nce hayat\u0131 tehdit eden durumlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ya\u015fl\u0131 hastalarda romatolojik hastal\u0131k \u015f\u00fcphesinde temel yakla\u015f\u0131m enfektif ve vask\u00fclitik acillerin \u00f6ncelikle d\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131, ard\u0131ndan inflamatuvar ve dejeneratif nedenlerin sistematik olarak de\u011ferlendirilmesi \u015feklinde olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tedavi plan\u0131 ise hastan\u0131n genel durumu, mevcut komorbiditeleri ve kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ila\u00e7lar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak bireyselle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Levinson J, Buehring B. Pitfalls and pearls in diagnosing inflammatory arthritis in older patients. Joint Bone Spine. 2024 Dec;91(6):105719.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Agarwal, Avarna; Padhan, Prasanta. Rheumatic diseases in the elderly: Challenges and management. Journal of Integrative Medicine and Research 2(3):p 202-205, Jul\u2013Sep 2024.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>van Onna M, Boonen A. Challenges in the management of older patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2022 Jun;18(6):326-334.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fulop T, Larbi A, Pawelec G, Khalil A, Cohen AA, Hirokawa K, Witkowski JM, Franceschi C. Immunology of Aging: the Birth of Inflammaging. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2023 Apr;64(2):109-122.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Franceschi C, Garagnani P, Parini P, Giuliani C, Santoro A. Inflammaging: a new immune-metabolic viewpoint for age-related diseases. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2018 Oct;14(10):576-590.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Salaffi F, Farah S, Di Carlo M. Frailty syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis and symptomatic osteoarthritis: an emerging concept in rheumatology. Acta Biomed. 2020 May 11;91(2):274-296.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lieber SB, Wysham KD, Sattui SE, Yung R, Misra D. Frailty and rheumatic diseases: evidence to date and lessons learned. Lancet Rheumatol. 2024 Dec;6(12):e881-e891.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cruz-Jentoft AJ, Bahat G, Bauer J, Boirie Y, Bruy\u00e8re O, Cederholm T, Cooper C, Landi F, Rolland Y, Sayer AA, Schneider SM, Sieber CC, Topinkova E, Vandewoude M, Visser M, Zamboni M; Writing Group for the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2), and the Extended Group for EWGSOP2. Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing. 2019 Jan 1;48(1):16-31.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Florescu MM, Bobirc\u0103 F, Florescu A, P\u0103dureanu V, Bobirc\u0103 A, Ciurea PL, Criveanu C, Florescu LM, Mu\u015fetescu AE. Polymyalgia rheumatica: An update (Review). Exp Ther Med. 2023 Oct 5;26(6):543.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Shahid F, Farooq H, Abeer H, Mahmood GM, Sheikh H, Ameer MZ, Fatima L, Ameer F, Amjad Z, Ahmad TZ, Rehman G, Rehman AU. The Association of Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis With COVID-19 Vaccination: A Systematic Review. Clin Med Insights Arthritis Musculoskelet Disord. 2026 Jan 19;19:11795441251414673.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Motta F, Sica A, Selmi C. Frailty in Rheumatic Diseases. Front Immunol. 2020 Oct 29;11:576134. doi: 10.3389\/fimmu.2020.576134.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Johnston CB, Dagar M. Osteoporosis in Older Adults. Med Clin North Am. 2020 Sep;104(5):873-884.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>FitzGerald JD, Dalbeth N, Mikuls T, Brignardello-Petersen R, Guyatt G, Abeles AM, Gelber AC, Harrold LR, Khanna D, King C, Levy G, Libbey C, Mount D, Pillinger MH, Rosenthal A, Singh JA, Sims JE, Smith BJ, Wenger NS, Bae SS, Danve A, Khanna PP, Kim SC, Lenert A, Poon S, Qasim A, Sehra ST, Sharma TSK, Toprover M, Turgunbaev M, Zeng L, Zhang MA, Turner AS, Neogi T. 2020 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for the Management of Gout. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2020 Jun;72(6):744-760.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Morin SN, Leslie WD, Schousboe JT. Osteoporosis: A Review. JAMA. 2025 Sep 9;334(10):894-907.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gunaga S, Carpenter CR, Kennedy M, Southerland LT, Lo AX, Lee S, Swan K, Mowbray F, Skains RM, Hogan TM, Casey MF, Ouchi K, George NR, de Wit K, Gettel CJ, Selman K, Ragsdale LC, Chary AN, van Oppen JD, Arendts G, Maddow CL, Hunold KM, Tyler KR, Khoujah D, Hwang U, Liu S. A Model for Developing Subspecialty Clinical Practice Guidelines: The Geriatric Emergency Department Guidelines 2.0. J Am Coll Emerg Physicians Open. 2025 Sep 16;6(6):100247.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He M, Arthur Vithran DT, Pan L, Zeng H, Yang G, Lu B and Zhang F (2023) An update on recent progress of the epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and treatment of acute septic arthritis: a review. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 13:1193645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Pascart T, Filippou G, Liot\u00e9 F, Sirotti S, Jauffret C, Abhishek A. Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease. Lancet Rheumatol. 2024 Nov;6(11):e791-e804.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Buttgereit F, Matteson EL, Dejaco C. Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Giant Cell Arteritis. JAMA. 2020 Sep 8;324(10):993-994.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bilton EJ, Mollan SP. Giant cell arteritis: reviewing the advancing diagnostics and management. Eye (Lond). 2023 Aug;37(12):2365-2373.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Risal UP, Bhattarai U. Late-Onset Rheumatoid Arthritis (LORA): A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge Among Older Patients Visiting a Poorly Resourced Health-Care Setting. Mediterr J Rheumatol. 2024 Dec 31;35(4):573-578.\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Skains RM, Koehl JL, Aldeen A, Carpenter CR, Gettel CJ, Goldberg EM, Hwang U, Kocher KE, Southerland LT, Goyal P, Berdahl CT, Venkatesh AK, Lin MP. Geriatric Emergency Medication Safety Recommendations (GEMS-Rx): Modified Delphi Development of a High-Risk Prescription List for Older Emergency Department Patients. Ann Emerg Med. 2024 Sep;84(3):274-284.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yazar: \u00d6\u011fr.G\u00f6r.Dr. Ziya Uzun Edit\u00f6r: Do\u00e7.Dr. Ebru \u00dcnal Ako\u011flu Modern t\u0131ptaki geli\u015fmeler sonucunda ya\u015fam beklentisinin uzamas\u0131yla birlikte sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131na ba\u015fvuran geriatrik hasta&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1185,"featured_media":763,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,10014],"tags":[10042,10018,10066],"class_list":["post-761","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-akademik-blog-yazisi","tag-acil","tag-geriatri","tag-romatolojik"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/761","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1185"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=761"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/761\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=761"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=761"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/geriatri\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=761"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}