{"id":2209,"date":"2026-01-01T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T03:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/?p=2209"},"modified":"2026-01-04T17:32:37","modified_gmt":"2026-01-04T14:32:37","slug":"havayolu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/2026\/01\/01\/havayolu\/","title":{"rendered":"Acil Serviste Hava Yolu Y\u00f6netimi: TATD Klinik Politika Rehberi \u2013 2026"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

TATD-AKOM Klinik Politika Rehberi: <\/h2>

Acil Serviste Hava Yolu Y\u00f6netimi: TATD Klinik Politika Rehberi \u2013 2026<\/span><\/h2>
<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t
\n

\n \n T\u00fcrkiye Acil T\u0131p Derne\u011fi \u2013 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Komitesi (TATD-AKOM) taraf\u0131ndan 2026 y\u0131l\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f ve onaylanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/a> <\/span>\n <\/h3>\n\t\t <\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Yazar Komitesi<\/span>
<\/b><\/em>\u015eeref Kerem \u00c7orbac\u0131o\u011flu, G\u00f6khan Aksel, Ba\u015fak Bayram, Ersin Aksay, Faruk Dan\u0131\u015f, Fatma Sar\u0131do\u011fan, Emir \u00dcnal, Mehmet Muzaffer \u0130slam, Emre Kudu, Alp \u015eener, Murtaza Kaya, G\u00f6ksu Bozdereli Berikol, Fatma Nur Karaarslan, Merve Osoydan Sat\u0131c\u0131, Volkan Arslan, Haldun Ako\u011flu, Bu\u011fra \u0130lhan, Mustafa Emin \u00c7anak\u00e7\u0131, Demet Devrimsel, Resul \u00c7inpolat, \u0130brahim Sarbay, Enis Ademo\u011flu, Ali Cankut Tatl\u0131parmak, Hande Temizer<\/em><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

\u00d6ZET<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Bu klinik politika, T\u00fcrkiye Acil T\u0131p Derne\u011fi (TATD) taraf\u0131ndan acil serviste havayolu y\u00f6netimine ili\u015fkin g\u00fcncel kan\u0131tlar\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek ve klinisyenlere pratik, kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 \u00f6neriler sunmak amac\u0131yla haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Acil servis ortam\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131 ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k ent\u00fcbasyon, kritik hastalarda ya\u015fam kurtar\u0131c\u0131 bir giri\u015fim olmakla birlikte, uygulama s\u00fcrecindeki y\u00f6ntem ve ila\u00e7 se\u00e7imleri hasta g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve klinik sonu\u00e7lar \u00fczerinde belirleyici etkiye sahiptir. Bu politika, TATD-Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Komitesi taraf\u0131ndan sistematik literat\u00fcr taramalar\u0131 ve uzman g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyle \u201cGrading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations\u201d (GRADE) metodolojisi kullan\u0131larak geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.
Belirlenen be\u015f temel klinik soru \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, preoksijenasyon stratejileri (non-invaziv mekanik ventilasyon, y\u00fcksek ak\u0131ml\u0131 nazal oksijen, y\u00fcz maskesi, konvansiyonel teknikler), apneik oksijenasyon uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011fi ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, ent\u00fcbasyonda gum elastik buji kullan\u0131m\u0131, hipotansiyon riski y\u00fcksek hastalarda pu\u015fe doz vazopres\u00f6rlerin rol\u00fc ve kafa i\u00e7i bas\u0131n\u00e7 art\u0131\u015f\u0131 riski olan hastalarda ketamin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>

Bu politika, acil servis hekimlerine ent\u00fcbasyon \u00f6ncesi haz\u0131rl\u0131k, ila\u00e7 se\u00e7imi ve ekipman kullan\u0131m\u0131 konular\u0131nda kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 bir \u00e7er\u00e7eve sunarak, havayolu y\u00f6netiminde komplikasyonlar\u0131 azaltmay\u0131 ve hasta sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r<\/p>

NOT: Bu sayfada rehberinin k\u0131sa\u00a0 versiyonunu bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z. Rehberin detayl\u0131 ve tam versiyonunu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki “Rehberin Tamam\u0131” butonunu kullanarak indirebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

G\u0130R\u0130\u015e<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Acil serviste hava yolu y\u00f6netimi ve \u00f6zellikle h\u0131zl\u0131 ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k ent\u00fcbasyon (HAE) uygulamalar\u0131, kritik hastalar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirme ve tedavi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin en temel ve en y\u00fcksek \u00f6ncelikli uygulamalar\u0131ndan biridir. Acil servis ortam\u0131 ameliyathane ve yo\u011fun bak\u0131m \u015fartlar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 olarak; dinamik, y\u00fcksek stresli ve \u00e7o\u011fu hasta a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yeterli haz\u0131rl\u0131k s\u00fcresi bulunmamas\u0131 nedeniyle k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede do\u011fru karar al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren bir yap\u0131ya sahiptir. Bu ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda hava yolunun etkin ve g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde sa\u011flanmas\u0131; hipoksemi, kardiyak arrest ve mortalite gibi ciddi komplikasyonlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmamak i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir (1,2).<\/strong> Bu ama\u00e7la yak\u0131n y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan pek \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, ent\u00fcbasyon \u00f6ncesi preoksijenasyon stratejileri, apneik oksijenasyon y\u00f6ntemleri, y\u00fcksek ak\u0131ml\u0131 nazal oksijen (YANO) kullan\u0131m\u0131, alternatif ind\u00fcksiyon ajanlar\u0131n\u0131n rol\u00fc, ent\u00fcbasyona yard\u0131mc\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131n (rijid ve elastik stile, gum elastik buji vb.) etkinlikleri de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015f ve acil servis havayolu y\u00f6netimi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine dair \u00e7e\u015fitli tart\u0131\u015fmalar yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (3,4).<\/strong> Bununla birlikte, bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu farkl\u0131 pop\u00fclasyonlarda ve yo\u011fun bak\u0131m ya da anestezi ko\u015fullar\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, bu verilerin acil servis ortam\u0131na do\u011frudan yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131nda dikkatli bir yorumlama gerekmektedir.
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Bu klinik politika rehberi, T\u00fcrkiye Acil T\u0131p Derne\u011fi \u2013 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Komisyonu (TATD-AKOM) taraf\u0131ndan 2025-2026 y\u0131llar\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olup acil servislerde havayolu y\u00f6netimine dair klinisyenler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan klinik sorular\u0131 kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 cevaplayarak hekimlere farkl\u0131 klinik senaryolarda yol g\u00f6stermeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. TATD-AKOM taraf\u0131ndan haz\u0131rlanan bu klinik politika rehberinde, havayolu y\u00f6netiminin t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kapsayan veya literat\u00fcrde yan\u0131t\u0131 iyi bilinen sorular\u0131 tekrar ele alan bir perspektife sahip olmaktan ziyade son y\u0131llarda yap\u0131lan yeni \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni tart\u0131\u015fmalara yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

KR\u0130T\u0130K OLMAYAN AMA \u00d6NEML\u0130 SORULAR<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t

Bu rehberde s\u0131ras\u0131yla a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki klinik sorular yan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r;<\/p>

Senaryo 1: \u00a0<\/strong>Acil serviste h\u0131zl\u0131 ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k ent\u00fcbasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda preoksijenasyon a\u015famas\u0131nda noninvaziv mekanik ventilasyon, y\u00fcksek ak\u0131ml\u0131 nazal oksijen, y\u00fcz maskesi ve konvansiyonel teknikler aras\u0131nda oksijenasyon ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 (ciddi hipoksi g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131) a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan fark var m\u0131d\u0131r?<\/p>

Senaryo 2: \u00a0<\/strong>Acil serviste h\u0131zl\u0131 ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k ent\u00fcbasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda standart preoksijenasyon uygulamalar\u0131na ek olarak kullan\u0131lan apneik oksijenasyon uygulamas\u0131 etkin (ciddi hipoksi (SpO2<%80) ve en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck SpO2 de\u011feri sonlan\u0131mlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan) ve g\u00fcvenilir bir tedavi se\u00e7ene\u011fi midir?<\/p>

Senaryo 3: <\/strong>Acil serviste ent\u00fcbasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda gum elastik buji kullan\u0131m\u0131 standart ent\u00fcbasyona (stile kullan\u0131lan ya da kullan\u0131lmayan) k\u0131yasla ilk denemede ent\u00fcbasyon ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r ve ent\u00fcbasyon s\u00fcresini etkiler mi?<\/p>

Senaryo 4: \u00a0<\/strong>Acil serviste hipotansif olan veya hipotansiyon riski y\u00fcksek eri\u015fkin hastalarda, h\u0131zl\u0131 ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k ent\u00fcbasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya hemen \u00f6ncesinde standart tedavilere ek olarak pu\u015fe doz vazopres\u00f6r (fenilefrin, epinefrin vb.) uygulanmas\u0131 ent\u00fcbasyon s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki hipotansiyon insidans\u0131n\u0131<\/p>

Senaryo 5: \u00a0<\/strong>Kafa i\u00e7i bas\u0131n\u00e7 art\u0131\u015f riski olan eri\u015fkin hastalar\u0131n acil servis y\u00f6netiminde h\u0131zl\u0131 ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k ent\u00fcbasyon s\u0131ras\u0131nda ketamin kullan\u0131m\u0131 g\u00fcvenilir bir se\u00e7enek midir?<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

METOT<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Bu klinik politika rehberi haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken \u201cGrading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations\u201d (GRADE)<\/a> yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 esas al\u0131narak ve literat\u00fcrdeki kan\u0131tlar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirilmesi ile haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong> Rehberdeki \u00f6neriler haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken literat\u00fcrdeki kan\u0131tlar\u0131n seviyesi dikkate al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kan\u0131tlar\u0131n yetersiz ya da \u00e7eli\u015fkili oldu\u011fu durumlarda ilgili klinik sorular, TATD-AKOM dan\u0131\u015fma kurulu \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan oylama yap\u0131larak \u00e7o\u011funluk karar\u0131 esas\u0131na g\u00f6re cevaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Olu\u015fturulan bu klinik politika rehberi \u00f6ncelikle TATD ve AKOM web sitelerinde yay\u0131nland\u0131, sosyal medya \u00fczerinden duyuruldu ve TATD ile ili\u015fkili yay\u0131n organlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. TATD-AKOM klinik politika rehberlerinin \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli geli\u015fmeler oldu\u011fu takdire daha erken g\u00fcncellenme opsiyonu a\u00e7\u0131k olmakla beraber rutin olarak her 3 y\u0131lda bir g\u00fcncellenmesi kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

Klinik Sorular\u0131n Belirlenmesi<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 TATD-AKOM dan\u0131\u015fma kurulu taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ncelikli olarak olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gereken klinik politika konu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 belirlendi. Kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan konu ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131na dair sahadan klinik soru topland\u0131. Bu ama\u00e7la TATD ve AKOM web sitesi ve sosyal medya ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak duyurular yap\u0131ld\u0131, Google Forms kullan\u0131larak klinik sorular topland\u0131. Belirlenen s\u00fcre dahilinde (60 g\u00fcn) toplanan klinik sorular sonlan\u0131m\u0131n yan\u0131tlanma ihtiyac\u0131 \u00f6nceli\u011fine g\u00f6re 9\u2019lu Likert \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi kullan\u0131larak AKOM dan\u0131\u015fma kurulu \u00fcyeleri taraf\u0131ndan oyland\u0131 (1-3; kritik ve \u00f6nemli olmayan sonlan\u0131m, 4-6; kritik olmayan ama \u00f6nemli sonlan\u0131m, 7-9; kritik sonlan\u0131m)<\/strong>. Oylama sonucunda kritik olmayan ama \u00f6nemli sonlan\u0131mlar ile kritik sonlan\u0131mlar kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 olarak cevaplanmaya uygun olarak de\u011ferlendirildi.<\/p>

\u00a0<\/h5>
Sistematik Literat\u00fcr Taramas\u0131 ve Makalelerin Belirlenmesi<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Belirlenen her klinik soru i\u00e7in SCOPUS, MEDLINE ve WOS veri tabanlar\u0131nda belirlenen anahtar kelimeler kullan\u0131larak sistematik literat\u00fcr taramas\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve ilgili klinik soruya ait k\u0131s\u0131mda payla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Her klinik soru i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan sistematik literat\u00fcr taramas\u0131nda ula\u015f\u0131lan makaleler Rayyan yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 aktar\u0131ld\u0131 (6). <\/strong>Birbirine k\u00f6r iki hakem taraf\u0131ndan makalelerin ilgili klinik soruyla ili\u015fkili olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131 makalelerin \u00f6zet okumas\u0131 ile de\u011ferlendirildi. \u0130ki hakemin \u00e7eli\u015fkili karar verdi\u011fi makaleler \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir hakem taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirildi ve nihai karar bu hakem taraf\u0131ndan verildi.<\/p>

Kan\u0131tlar\u0131n S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/h5>

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Her kritik soru i\u00e7in derlemeye dahil edilen makalelerin kritik okumas\u0131 en az iki ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131larak GRADEPro yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kullan\u0131larak ve GRADE yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re kan\u0131t derecelendirilmesi yap\u0131ld\u0131 (\u00c7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck, orta ve y\u00fcksek kan\u0131t d\u00fczeyi). Yanl\u0131l\u0131k (bias) risk de\u011ferlendirmesi randomize kontroll\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar (RK\u00c7) i\u00e7in Rob-2 arac\u0131 ile yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olup g\u00f6zlemsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ise direkt olarak y\u00fcksek riskli olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir. Yanl\u0131l\u0131k risk de\u011ferlendirmesi birbirine k\u00f6r 2 hakem taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131, hakemlerin \u00e7eli\u015fkili karar verdi\u011fi makaleleri 3. bir hakem de\u011ferlendirdi ve nihai karar bu hakem taraf\u0131ndan verildi.<\/p>

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Bu klinik politika rehberi acil servislerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan doktorlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir tavsiye metni \u00f6zelli\u011finde bir rehberdir. Hasta kapsam\u0131 ise acil servislere ba\u015fvuran eri\u015fkin hastalar olup \u00e7ocuk hastalar rehber d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u00a0 TATD-AKOM kinik politika rehberleri, g\u00fcncel literat\u00fcrden kan\u0131ta dayal\u0131 cevaplar ve \u00f6neriler i\u00e7ermesi sebebiyle TATD-AKOM\u2019un resmi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc yans\u0131tmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte hekimler i\u00e7in kesin ve nihai \u00f6neriler de\u011fildir. TATD-AKOM, son karar\u0131 verirken hekimlerin tecr\u00fcbelerine ve hastalar\u0131n tercihlerine sayg\u0131 duyar.<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

KANIT D\u00dcZEYLER\u0130NDEN \u00d6NER\u0130 D\u00dcZEYLER\u0130N\u0130N BEL\u0130RLENMES\u0130<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

GRADE yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ile olu\u015fturulan kan\u0131t tablolar\u0131 esas al\u0131narak \u00f6neriler uygun \u00f6neri d\u00fczeylerine g\u00f6re geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir buna g\u00f6re \u00f6neri d\u00fczeyleri yanda payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r;<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

\u00d6NER\u0130 \u00d6ZETLER\u0130<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

Rehber i\u00e7erisinde yer alan \u00f6nerilerin \u00f6zetleri yan tarafta sunulmu\u015ftur. Rehberin tamam\u0131n\u0131 tek dosyada indirmek i\u00e7in (ek dosyalar dahil) ilgili butonu t\u0131klay\u0131n!<\/p>

Rehberin tamam\u0131nda \u015funlar yer almaktad\u0131r:<\/p>

1-Klinik politika rehberinin literat\u00fcr tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n da yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzun versiyonu.
2-Ek Dosya-1. Sistematik literat\u00fcr taramada kullan\u0131lan arama sorgular\u0131 (Search Hedges).
3-Ek Dosya-2. \u00a0Sistematik literat\u00fcr taramas\u0131 ile elde edilen makalelerin ak\u0131\u015f \u015femalar\u0131.
4-Ek Dosya-3. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00f6zet tablolar\u0131 (5 tablo).
5-Ek Dosya-4. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n kan\u0131t derecelendirme tablolar\u0131 (GRADE evidence level classification tables).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t

\u00d6NER\u0130 \u00d6ZETLER\u0130 TABLOSU<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TATD-AKOM Klinik Politika Rehberi: Acil Serviste Hava Yolu Y\u00f6netimi: TATD Klinik Politika Rehberi \u2013 2026 T\u00fcrkiye Acil T\u0131p Derne\u011fi \u2013 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Komitesi…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":2226,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,10011,10018],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2209","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-haber-ve-duyuru","category-klinik-politikalar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2209","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/53"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2209"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2209\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2226"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2209"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2209"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/arastirma\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2209"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}