{"id":411,"date":"2022-01-15T06:30:53","date_gmt":"2022-01-15T03:30:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/?p=411"},"modified":"2022-01-15T10:14:29","modified_gmt":"2022-01-15T07:14:29","slug":"2020de-turkiye-ve-dunyada-en-sik-gorulen-dogal-afetler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/afet-yazi-dizisi\/2020de-turkiye-ve-dunyada-en-sik-gorulen-dogal-afetler\/","title":{"rendered":"2020\u2019de T\u00fcrkiye ve D\u00fcnyada  En S\u0131k G\u00f6r\u00fclen Do\u011fal Afetler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00fcnyada s\u00fcre gelen do\u011fa olaylar\u0131, insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiledi\u011finde bunlar <strong><em>do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afet<\/em><\/strong> olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) taraf\u0131ndan do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler, toplumun sosyo-ekonomik ve sosyo-k\u00fclt\u00fcrel faaliyetlerini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde aksatan, can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olan fakat yerel imk\u00e2nlar ile ba\u015f edilemeyen do\u011fa olaylar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnya genelindeki do\u011fal afetler ele al\u0131n\u0131nca, 31 \u00e7e\u015fit do\u011fal afetin 28\u2019ini meteorolojik afetlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Do\u011fal afetlerin \u00e7e\u015fitleri ve \u00f6nemi \u00fclkeden \u00fclkeye de de\u011fi\u015fmektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Akdeniz B\u00f6lgesinde en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z do\u011fal afetler; <strong><em>kurakl\u0131k, seller, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, heyelan, dolu f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131, \u00e7\u0131\u011flar, don<\/em><\/strong>lard\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde ise en s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen meteorolojik karakterli do\u011fal afetler ise; <strong><em>dolu, sel, ta\u015fk\u0131n, don, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, kurakl\u0131k, \u015fiddetli ya\u011f\u0131\u015f, \u015fiddetli r\u00fczg\u00e2r, y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m, \u00e7\u0131\u011f, kar ve f\u0131rt\u0131nalar<\/em><\/strong>d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Uluslararas\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ekte en b\u00fcy\u00fck afet veri taban\u0131na sahip olan; <strong><em>Afet Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve Epidemiyoloji Merkezi (Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters-CRED) <\/em><\/strong>taraf\u0131ndan do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler ise; <strong><em>jeofiziksel, hidrolojik, meteorolojik, klimatolojik, biyolojik ve uzay kaynakl\u0131 <\/em><\/strong>olmak \u00fczere alt\u0131 ana grupta s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r <strong>(\u015eekil 1).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-413\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"736\" height=\"301\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b.png 736w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c4ca4238a0b923820dcc509a6f75849b-300x123.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil <\/strong><strong>1<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong>Afet Tiplerine G\u00f6re Do\u011fal Afetlerin S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 <strong>(https:\/\/www.emdat.be\/classification)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (WHO) ve Bel\u00e7ika H\u00fck\u00fcmeti&#8217;nin ilk deste\u011fiyle olu\u015fturulan CRED\u2019in acil durumlar veri taban\u0131nda (Emergency Events Database-EM-DAT) son <strong><em>yirmi y\u0131lda (2000-2019)<\/em><\/strong> d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda <strong>7348 <\/strong>do\u011fal afet olay\u0131n\u0131n rapor edildi\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir<\/p>\n<p><strong>(\u015eekil 2).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-414\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c81e728d9d4c2f636f067f89cc14862c.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"560\" height=\"281\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c81e728d9d4c2f636f067f89cc14862c.png 468w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c81e728d9d4c2f636f067f89cc14862c-300x151.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 560px) 100vw, 560px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil <\/strong><strong>2<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> D\u00fcnya genelinde 1980-1999\/2000-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131nda meydana gelen do\u011fal afetlerin neden oldu\u011fu kay\u0131plar <strong>(Kaynak: EM-DAT\/CRED)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-429 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/3465ee99903045b0cb7b99d99dc1720f.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"763\" height=\"131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/3465ee99903045b0cb7b99d99dc1720f.png 763w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/3465ee99903045b0cb7b99d99dc1720f-300x52.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 763px) 100vw, 763px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda seller en yayg\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclen afet t\u00fcr\u00fc olup bunu f\u0131rt\u0131nalar izlemektedir. 2000-2019 periyodu i\u00e7inde D\u00fcnya genelinde 3254 (%44) sel, 2043 (%28) f\u0131rt\u0131na, 552 (%8) deprem, 432 (%6) ekstrem s\u0131cakl\u0131k, 376 (%5) heyelan ve 338 (%5) kurakl\u0131k olay\u0131 meydana gelmi\u015ftir <strong>(\u015eekil 3).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-415\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/eccbc87e4b5ce2fe28308fd9f2a7baf3.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"826\" height=\"316\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/eccbc87e4b5ce2fe28308fd9f2a7baf3.png 711w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/eccbc87e4b5ce2fe28308fd9f2a7baf3-300x115.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 826px) 100vw, 826px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil <\/strong><strong>3<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> D\u00fcnya genelinde 2000-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda meydana gelen do\u011fal afetlerin afet t\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 (%) <strong>(Kaynak: EM-DAT\/CRED<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc; <strong><em>afetin t\u00fcr\u00fc, konumu, s\u00fcresi, zarar g\u00f6ren n\u00fcfusun boyutu ve savunmas\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/em><\/strong>olmak \u00fczere bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6re ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. 2000-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 4 milyar insan afetlerden etkilenmi\u015f bunun sonucunda 1,2 milyondan fazla insan hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmi\u015ftir <strong>(\u015eekil 4).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-416\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/a87ff679a2f3e71d9181a67b7542122c.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"817\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/a87ff679a2f3e71d9181a67b7542122c.png 817w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/a87ff679a2f3e71d9181a67b7542122c-300x166.png 300w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/a87ff679a2f3e71d9181a67b7542122c-768x424.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 817px) 100vw, 817px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil <\/strong><strong>4<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> D\u00fcnya genelinde 2000-2019 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda en fazla can kayb\u0131na neden olan 10 b\u00fcy\u00fck do\u011fal afet <strong>(Kaynak: EM-DAT\/CRED-2020)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2020 y\u0131l\u0131, d\u00fcnyadaki milyonlarca insan\u0131 etkileyen, b\u00fcy\u00fck can ve mal kay\u0131plar\u0131na yol a\u00e7an kas\u0131rgalar, siklonlar, tayfunlar, f\u0131rt\u0131nalar, sel felaketleri, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131 ve kurakl\u0131k gibi meteorolojik karakterli do\u011fal afetlerin yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir y\u0131l olmu\u015ftur. Do\u011fal afetlerden geni\u015f alanlar etkilenmi\u015f, milyonlarca insan yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r <strong>(\u015eekil 5).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-417 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/e4da3b7fbbce2345d7772b0674a318d5.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"861\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/e4da3b7fbbce2345d7772b0674a318d5.png 767w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/e4da3b7fbbce2345d7772b0674a318d5-300x131.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 861px) 100vw, 861px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil <\/strong><strong>5<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda meydana gelen afetler ve sonu\u00e7lar\u0131<strong>(Kaynak: EM-DAT\/CRED-2020)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck risk y\u00f6netimi ve sigorta \u015firketlerinden birisi olan Munich Re\u2019nin 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afet de\u011ferlendirmesinde; D\u00fcnya genelinde toplam 980 do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetin meydana geldi\u011fi, bu afetler sonucunda 8 200 ki\u015finin ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi ve 210 milyar ABD dolar\u0131 bir ekonomik kayb\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-430 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/16d0738438385eada44132e563baeb11.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"753\" height=\"130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/16d0738438385eada44132e563baeb11.png 753w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/16d0738438385eada44132e563baeb11-300x52.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 753px) 100vw, 753px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda hem genel kay\u0131plar hem de sigortal\u0131 kay\u0131plar \u00f6nceki y\u0131la g\u00f6re \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde daha y\u00fcksekti <strong><em>(2019 y\u0131l\u0131 k\u00fcresel ekonomik kay\u0131plar 166 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131)<\/em><\/strong>. 2020&#8217;deki do\u011fal afet kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n sigortalanm\u0131\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 82 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131 (Genel kay\u0131plar\u0131n %40&#8217;\u0131) oldu. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda her biri 1 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131ndan fazla maddi kay\u0131plarla sonu\u00e7lanan 50 b\u00fcy\u00fck do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afet meydana gelmi\u015ftir. B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afetler geni\u015f alanlar\u0131 etkilemi\u015f ve \u00f6nemli zararlar olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur <strong>(\u015eekil 6).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-418\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/1679091c5a880faf6fb5e6087eb1b2dc.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"976\" height=\"469\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/1679091c5a880faf6fb5e6087eb1b2dc.png 976w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/1679091c5a880faf6fb5e6087eb1b2dc-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/1679091c5a880faf6fb5e6087eb1b2dc-768x369.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 976px) 100vw, 976px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil <\/strong><strong>6<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> D\u00fcnya Genelinde 1992-2020 Periyodunda Meydana Gelen Hava-\u0130klim Kaynakl\u0131 En Az 1 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131 Ekonomik Kayba Neden Olan Do\u011fa Kaynakl\u0131 Afet Say\u0131lar\u0131 <strong>(Kaynak:<\/strong> <strong>Aon. Weather, Climate &amp; Catastrophe Insight, 2020 Annual Report)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>&#8220;2020 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki can kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131nda; ani ta\u015fk\u0131n ve sel olaylar\u0131 \u00f6nemli rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.&#8221;<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnya genelinde tablo b\u00f6yleyken; \u00fclkeler d\u00fczeyinde incelendi\u011finde 1980&#8217;de ba\u015flayan ve 2020 ile rekor seviyelere ula\u015fan ABD\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen 285 hava ve iklim afetleri, toplam hasar maliyetlerinin 1 milyar dolara ula\u015ft\u0131. Bu 285 olay\u0131n k\u00fcm\u00fclatif maliyeti 1.875 trilyon dolar\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131 <strong>(\u015eekil 7).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Temmuz-Ekim aylar\u0131nda Pakistan\u2019da, may\u0131s ay\u0131nda Uganda, Ruanda ve Kenya\u2019da, Haziran ila A\u011fustos aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Banglade\u015f\u2019te ve A\u011fustos ay\u0131nda Afganistan\u2019da etkili olan ani ta\u015fk\u0131n ve sel olaylar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck can kay\u0131plar\u0131yla sonu\u00e7lanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda ABD ve Karayipler\u2019i etkileyen Eta Kas\u0131rgas\u0131 can kayb\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu di\u011fer bir afet olarak s\u0131ralamada yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r <strong>(\u015eekil 8).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-445 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"605\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543-1.png 620w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543-1-300x180.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 7.<\/strong> 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda ABD\u2019de meydana gelen y\u00fcksek maliyetli afetler <strong>(Kaynak:Climate.gov)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-419\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"696\" height=\"230\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543.png 696w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/8f14e45fceea167a5a36dedd4bea2543-300x99.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 696px) 100vw, 696px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 8<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong> 2020 Y\u0131l\u0131nda Meydana Gelen En Fazla Can Kayb\u0131na Neden Olan Be\u015f Do\u011fal Afet<\/p>\n<p>2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019de meydana gelen sel olaylar\u0131; Tayland, Banglade\u015f, Hindistan ve Sri Lanka\u2019da etkili olan Amphan Siklonu; ABD\u2019de etkili olan Laura Kas\u0131rgas\u0131, k\u0131rsal yang\u0131nlar ve a\u011fustos ay\u0131nda etkili olan konvektif f\u0131rt\u0131na maddi kayb\u0131n en y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu afetler olarak bu s\u0131ralamada yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda, 1 milyar ABD Dolar\u0131 ve \u00fcst\u00fc zarara neden olan 50 do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afet meydana gelmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle 2010-2020 d\u00f6nemi, son yirmi dokuz y\u0131l i\u00e7inde afet kaynakl\u0131 ekonomik kay\u0131plar\u0131n \u00f6nemli derecede artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem olmu\u015ftur <strong>(\u015eekil 9)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-420\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c9f0f895fb98ab9159f51fd0297e236d.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"932\" height=\"312\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c9f0f895fb98ab9159f51fd0297e236d.png 932w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c9f0f895fb98ab9159f51fd0297e236d-300x100.png 300w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c9f0f895fb98ab9159f51fd0297e236d-768x257.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 932px) 100vw, 932px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 9.<\/strong> 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda meydana gelen ve en y\u00fcksek ekonomik kayba neden olan be\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fck do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afet<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnyada 2020\u2019de afetlerin hasar\u0131na bakt\u0131ktan sonra; T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki durumu bakacak olursak, \u00f6zellikle 2000\u2019li y\u0131llardan sonra meteorolojik afetlerin olu\u015fum say\u0131lar\u0131nda belirgin bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkemizin farkl\u0131 kesimlerini farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde etkileyen meteorolojik afetler ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00dclkemizde, 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde toplam 984 meteorolojik karakterli do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afet rapor edilmi\u015ftir <strong>(\u015eekil 10)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-421\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/45c48cce2e2d7fbdea1afc51c7c6ad26.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"644\" height=\"436\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/45c48cce2e2d7fbdea1afc51c7c6ad26.png 644w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/45c48cce2e2d7fbdea1afc51c7c6ad26-300x203.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 10.<\/strong> T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda meydana gelen meteorolojik afet da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 <strong>(Kaynak: <\/strong><strong>2020 Y\u0131l\u0131 Meteorolojik Afetler De\u011ferlendirmesi- <\/strong><strong>T.C. \u00c7evre, \u015eehircilik ve \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Meteoroloji Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Uzun y\u0131llar da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde meydana gelen meteorolojik afet say\u0131s\u0131 1940-2020 periyodu i\u00e7erisindeki en y\u00fcksek de\u011fer olarak kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir<strong> (\u015eekil 11)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-422\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/d3d9446802a44259755d38e6d163e820.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"888\" height=\"354\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/d3d9446802a44259755d38e6d163e820.png 888w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/d3d9446802a44259755d38e6d163e820-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/d3d9446802a44259755d38e6d163e820-768x306.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 888px) 100vw, 888px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 11<\/strong>. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 1940-2020 Periyodunda G\u00f6zlenen Meteorolojik Karakterli Do\u011fa Kaynakl\u0131 Afetlerin Y\u0131ll\u0131k Da\u011f\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 <strong>(Kaynak: <\/strong><strong>2020 Y\u0131l\u0131 Meteorolojik Afetler De\u011ferlendirmesi- <\/strong><strong>T.C. \u00c7evre, \u015eehircilik ve \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Meteoroloji Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Hem d\u00fcnya hem de T\u00fcrkiye COVID-19 pandemisi ile sava\u015f\u0131rken do\u011fal afetler bu sava\u015f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00fc\u015fman\u0131 olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f y\u0131llar ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda artan afet say\u0131lar\u0131 ve ekonomik kay\u0131plar ve insan etkilenmelerinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkesi ile birlikte afetlerin k\u00fcresel bir sorun oldu\u011funun kabullenilmesi ve ortak m\u00fccadele odaklar\u0131n\u0131n arat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zellikle 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda COVID-19 pandemisinin toplumlar \u00fczerindeki etkisi ile k\u00fcresel iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finden ek olarak toplumlar\u0131n kendi pay\u0131n\u0131 almas\u0131, k\u0131r\u0131lgan ekonomik yap\u0131lar, d\u00fcnyadaki siyasi hareketler bir\u00e7ok etmen Afet haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Afet halkas\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda asl\u0131nda risk y\u00f6netiminden olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bir halka oldu\u011fu kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r <strong>(\u015eekil 12).<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-423\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/6512bd43d9caa6e02c990b0a82652dca.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"534\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/6512bd43d9caa6e02c990b0a82652dca.png 716w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/6512bd43d9caa6e02c990b0a82652dca-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/6512bd43d9caa6e02c990b0a82652dca-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/6512bd43d9caa6e02c990b0a82652dca-630x630.png 630w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 534px) 100vw, 534px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 12<\/strong>.Afet Halkas\u0131<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-431 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/5713464ad464142df4ac3271c037e21d.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"760\" height=\"223\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/5713464ad464142df4ac3271c037e21d.png 760w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/5713464ad464142df4ac3271c037e21d-300x88.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>2019\u2019da Wuhan\u2019da ilk ke\u015ffedilen COVID-19 vakas\u0131ndan sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7te ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcm afetleri <strong><em>\u201cAfet i\u00e7erisinde Afet\u201d<\/em><\/strong> olarak nitelendirmek ve daha \u00f6nceki tecr\u00fcbelerden ayr\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek daha etkin ve g\u00fcvenilir bir y\u00f6ntem olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Afetler \u00f6n g\u00f6r\u00fclemez midir?<\/em><\/strong> Yoksa do\u011fay\u0131 daha \u00e7ok anlamak toplumlar\u0131n afetleri anlama ve tahmin etme de g\u00fc\u00e7 m\u00fc verir? Bunu anlamak i\u00e7in <strong>\u015eekil 13\u2019e<\/strong> bakmak gerekir.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0&#8220;Bu haritaya bak\u0131nca \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck afeti tahmin etmek zor mudur sizce?&#8221;<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-424\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c20ad4d76fe97759aa27a0c99bff6710.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"792\" height=\"465\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c20ad4d76fe97759aa27a0c99bff6710.png 792w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c20ad4d76fe97759aa27a0c99bff6710-300x176.png 300w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2022\/01\/c20ad4d76fe97759aa27a0c99bff6710-768x451.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 792px) 100vw, 792px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 13.<\/strong>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de 2020 Y\u0131l\u0131 Normalin Y\u00fczdesi \u0130ndeksine G\u00f6re Kurakl\u0131k Haritas\u0131<strong>(https:\/\/www.mgm.gov.tr\/veridegerlendirme\/kuraklik-analizi.aspx?d=yillik#sfB)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>KAYNAKLAR<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED)<\/li>\n<li>C. Tar\u0131m ve Orman Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Meteoroloji Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 2020 Y\u0131l\u0131 Meteorolojik Afetler De\u011ferlendirmesi Raporu-2021<\/li>\n<li>2020 Y\u0131l\u0131 Afet \u0130statistikleri<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrk Deprem Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Dergisi<\/li>\n<li>Koenig and Schultz&#8217;s Disaster Medicine: Comprehensive Principles and Practices<\/li>\n<li>Journal of ADEM<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrk Deprem Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Dergisi<\/li>\n<li>Do\u011fal Afetler ve \u00c7evre Dergisi<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrk Deprem Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Dergisi<\/li>\n<li>Dijitalle\u015fen D\u00fcnyada Ak\u0131ll\u0131 Afet ve Acil Durum Uygulamalar\u0131<\/li>\n<li>T\u00fcrk K\u0131z\u0131lay Dergisi<\/li>\n<li>Afet ve Risk Dergisi<\/li>\n<li>Disaster Medicine and Global Public Health<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/www.futurelearn.com\/info\/courses\/humanitarian-action-response-relief\/0\/steps\/60986<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>D\u00fcnyada s\u00fcre gelen do\u011fa olaylar\u0131, insanlar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiledi\u011finde bunlar do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131 afet olarak nitelendirilmektedir. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) taraf\u0131ndan do\u011fa kaynakl\u0131&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1145,"featured_media":433,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[10043],"tags":[10044,10046,10047,10045],"class_list":["post-411","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-afet-yazi-dizisi","tag-10044","tag-dunya","tag-en-sik-gorulen-dogal-afetler","tag-turkiye"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/411","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1145"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=411"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/411\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/433"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=411"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=411"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=411"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}