{"id":1570,"date":"2024-09-01T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-09-01T07:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/?p=1570"},"modified":"2024-09-01T09:57:16","modified_gmt":"2024-09-01T06:57:16","slug":"afetlerde-gocmen-etkisi-ve-dil-bariyeri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/afet-yazi-dizisi\/afetlerde-gocmen-etkisi-ve-dil-bariyeri\/","title":{"rendered":"Afetlerde G\u00f6\u00e7men Etkisi Ve Dil Bariyeri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Ki\u015filerin bulunduklar\u0131 yerden ba\u015fka bir yere ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 veya yerle\u015fmesi anlam\u0131na gelen g\u00f6\u00e7, genelde farkl\u0131 co\u011fraf\u00ee b\u00f6lgeler as\u0131ndaki yer de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Uluslararas\u0131 G\u00f6\u00e7 \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (IOM, International Organization for Migration) G\u00f6\u00e7 Terimleri S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde g\u00f6\u00e7 terimini; \u201c<em>Bir ki\u015fi ya da bir grup insan\u0131n bulunduklar\u0131 \u00fclke i\u00e7inde ya da \u00fclke s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015farak ba\u015fka \u00fclke topraklar\u0131nda ikamet etmesi<\/em>\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (<em>IOM, 2019<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"605\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1571\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image.png 605w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-100x56.png 100w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-585x329.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaynak: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sozcu.com.tr\/deprem-bolgesinden-buyuk-goc-wp7594311\">https:\/\/www.sozcu.com.tr\/deprem-bolgesinden-buyuk-goc-wp7594311<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>G\u00f6\u00e7 \u00c7e\u015fitleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fme nedenine g\u00f6re<ul><li>g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>zorunlu g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hedef yerine g\u00f6re<ul><li>i\u00e7 g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yasal durumuna g\u00f6re<ul><li>d\u00fczenli g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>d\u00fczensiz g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hacmine g\u00f6re<ul><li>bireysel g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u00fcresine g\u00f6re uzun<ul><li>vadeli g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li><\/ul>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>k\u0131sa vadeli g\u00f6\u00e7<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye, son zamanlarda g\u00f6\u00e7 y\u00f6netimi ile ilgili ileri d\u00fczey planlama ve politika geli\u015ftirme \u00e7abalar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00f6\u00e7 ve m\u00fclteci koordinasyonu, 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda kurulan G\u00f6\u00e7 \u0130daresi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye, uluslararas\u0131 koruma ihtiyac\u0131 olan s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u00e7menleri kabul etmektedir. \u00d6zellikle Suriyeli s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bulunmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye bu g\u00f6\u00e7men kabullerini yaparken dil kurslar\u0131, e\u011fitim olanaklar\u0131 ve istihdam destekleri gibi hizmetleri de sunmaktad\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca g\u00f6\u00e7 y\u00f6netimi ve s\u0131\u011f\u0131nma konular\u0131nda di\u011fer \u00fclkeler ve uluslararas\u0131 toplumla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 258 milyondan fazla uluslararas\u0131 g\u00f6\u00e7men bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zel durumlar\u0131 nedeniyle bir salg\u0131n veya afet s\u0131ras\u0131nda acil bak\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7 duyan en savunmas\u0131z ki\u015filer g\u00f6\u00e7menler ve m\u00fcltecilerdir. \u00c7o\u011fu \u00fclkede hi\u00e7bir veri taban\u0131 bu ki\u015filer hakk\u0131nda g\u00fcvenilir, g\u00fcncel ve do\u011fru istatistikler sa\u011flamamaktad\u0131r. M\u00fclteciler genellikle s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilme korkusu nedeniyle savunmas\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmekten ve hizmet almaktan \u00e7ekinmektedir. Zaten m\u00fclteci olarak k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan biri ayn\u0131 zamanda afetzede, kad\u0131n, ya\u015fl\u0131, \u00e7ocuk veya engelli olabilir. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mart 2024\u2019te Mohammad Mahdi Doust Mohammadi ve ark. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya g\u00f6re m\u00fcltecilerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 temel zorluklardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 dil problemi, duygusal ve sosyal destek eksikli\u011fi ile kalabal\u0131k yerlerde ya\u015famak gibi sosyoekonomik sorunlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Japonya\u2019da 2022\u2019de afetlerden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak yap\u0131lan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada 3. basamak bir hastanenin acil bak\u0131m merkezine ba\u015fvuran Japon ve g\u00f6\u00e7men hastalar aras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. G\u00f6\u00e7men hastalar\u0131n yan\u0131k, bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131 hastal\u0131k ve anafilaksiye yakalanma oranlar\u0131 daha fazla \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f. Ancak hastalar\u0131n hastanede kalma s\u00fcreleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k yokmu\u015f. Bu durumu afet zaman\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fczde bu durumun \u00e7ok daha k\u00f6t\u00fc bir duruma evirilece\u011fini tahmin etmek hi\u00e7 de zor olmasa gerek.<strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Afetlerde \u2018g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr olmak\u2019 g\u00f6\u00e7menler i\u00e7in di\u011fer bireylere nazaran \u00e7ok daha zordur.<\/em> Zira k\u0131r\u0131lgan gruplardan olan g\u00f6\u00e7menler i\u00e7in, \u00f6zellikle yeti\u015fmi\u015f bireylerin ve \u00f6zellikli kurumlar\u0131n afetlerde yard\u0131m\u0131 gereklidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkemizde 6 \u015eubat 2023 tarihinde meydana gelen depremin etkilerinin en \u00e7ok hissedildi\u011fi yerler, ayn\u0131 zamanda m\u00fclteci ve g\u00f6\u00e7men n\u00fcfusun yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fehirlerdir. Resmi kay\u0131tlara g\u00f6re, deprem b\u00f6lgelerinde Ge\u00e7ici Koruma Stat\u00fcs\u00fcyle (GKS) bulunan Suriyelilerin n\u00fcfusu 1.738.035 olarak kay\u0131tlara al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yani kay\u0131tl\u0131 GKS sahibi Suriyeli g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131. Baz\u0131 barolar\u0131n ve sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerinin ilk tuttuklar\u0131 raporlara g\u00f6re 6 \u015eubat depremi sonras\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez olarak de\u011ferlendirildi\u011fi ve ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa maruz b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Afetlerde \u00e7o\u011fu zaman g\u00f6rmezden gelinen ya da ayr\u0131mc\u0131 s\u00f6ylemlere maruz b\u0131rak\u0131lan m\u00fclteci ve g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin durumunu tespit etmek amac\u0131yla baz\u0131 raporlar kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f. G\u00f6\u00e7 ara\u015ft\u0131rma derne\u011finin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk durum tespit raporlar\u0131na g\u00f6re afetlerde g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 2 ana problemin <em>nefret s\u00f6ylemi\/d\u00fc\u015fmanla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/em> ve <em>bar\u0131nma<\/em> oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015f. Her iki sorunun <em>bireylerin afetten sonra g\u00f6\u00e7 ettikleri yerlerde ayr\u0131\u015fma ve \u00f6tekile\u015ftirmeye yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015f.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bir G\u00f6\u00e7men Problemi Olarak \u2018Bar\u0131nma\u2019<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Bar\u0131nma ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere ya\u015fan\u0131lan \u00e7o\u011fu soruna acil kamusal yan\u0131tlar\u0131n al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda, afetzedeler kendi sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 kendi kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak \u00e7\u00f6zmek zorunda kal\u0131rlar. Ge\u00e7mi\u015f afetlerde; \u00f6zellikle yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131na yo\u011fun g\u00f6\u00e7 vermi\u015f b\u00f6lgelere, yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda organize olmu\u015f ki\u015filer taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ok say\u0131da yard\u0131m iletildi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015f. Nefret s\u00f6ylemlerine maruz kalmamak i\u00e7in afetlerde bar\u0131nmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken <strong>\u2018g\u00f6r\u00fcnmez olmaya\u2019<\/strong> \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin oldu\u011fu da tespit edilen durumlardan biridir. Buna \u00f6rnek olarak 6 \u015eubat depreminden sonra ge\u00e7ici tar\u0131m i\u015f\u00e7isi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Suriyeli baz\u0131 ailelerin bar\u0131nma sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 seralarda, sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa uygunluk ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc olmas\u0131na ald\u0131r\u0131\u015f etmeden kald\u0131klar\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6te yandan Suriyeli g\u00f6\u00e7menlerin daha \u00f6nce sava\u015f deneyimi ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 ve bu durumun onlar\u0131 daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131 h\u00e2le getirdi\u011fi, daha \u00f6nce evsiz olduklar\u0131 i\u00e7in kolayca afetlerde pani\u011fe kap\u0131lmadan so\u011fukkanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyarak, mant\u0131kl\u0131 hareket etme yetene\u011fi kazand\u0131klar\u0131 ve zor ko\u015fullara daha iyi uyum sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 tespit edilen durumlardan biridir. Yine \u00e7ad\u0131r kentlere yerle\u015fimde \u00f6nceli\u011fin m\u00fclteci g\u00f6\u00e7menler olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, olsa da \u00e7ad\u0131r kentlerin biraz daha arka taraf\u0131nda daha izole kald\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 veya yerle\u015ftikten sonra ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 ayr\u0131mc\u0131l\u0131k ve nefret s\u00f6ylemleri \u00fczerine \u00e7ad\u0131r kentleri terk eden \u00e7ok say\u0131da depremzede m\u00fclteci oldu\u011fu 6 \u015eubat depremi sonras\u0131 yay\u0131nlanan ilk raporlarda tespit edilmi\u015f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bar\u0131nma sorunu ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fan \u00e7ocuk, engelli, kad\u0131n, ya\u015fl\u0131 ve g\u00f6\u00e7men gibi k\u0131r\u0131lgan gruplara d\u00e2hil bireyler \u00f6zel ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7areyi tekrar g\u00f6\u00e7 etmekte bulabilirler.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Dil Bariyeri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkelerin \u00e7o\u011funun mevcut afet ve acil durum m\u00fcdahale planlamalar\u0131, k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 \u0130ngilizce bilgisine sahip (Limited English Proficiency \u2013 LEP) topluluklar\u0131n gereksinimlerini yeterince kar\u015f\u0131layamamaktad\u0131r. Dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131, ilk m\u00fcdahale ekiplerinin ve acil durum sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n LEP topluluklar\u0131na ula\u015fmalar\u0131nda ciddi engeller olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. LEP pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131, direktifleri ve uyar\u0131lar\u0131 anlama olas\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fundan artan bir savunmas\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa sahiptir. Bu konu ile ilgili \u00f6zel e\u011fitilmi\u015f t\u0131bbi terc\u00fcmanlar, LEP topluluklar\u0131 ile k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve dilsel ba\u011flant\u0131 kurabilirler. Amerikan toplum anketi verilerine g\u00f6re Washington Eyaleti&#8217;nin en kalabal\u0131k il\u00e7esi olan King County&#8217;de, 5 ya\u015f ve \u00fczeri ki\u015filerin %21,7&#8217;si evde \u0130ngilizce d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir dil konu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. LEP pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in afet haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131, planlamas\u0131 ve m\u00fcdahalesinin yeterince ele al\u0131nmas\u0131ndaki bo\u015fluk, 2005\u2019teki 1836 ki\u015finin \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne neden olan Katrina Kas\u0131rgas\u0131 (Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri) \u00a0g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle kritiktir. Katrina Kas\u0131rgas\u0131nda tahliye planlar\u0131n\u0131n baz\u0131 n\u00fcfus gruplar\u0131n\u0131n (g\u00f6\u00e7men, LEP pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 vb.) demografik ve sosyal \u00f6zellikleri dikkate al\u0131nmadan devreye sokulmas\u0131 neticesinde, zarar g\u00f6rebilir gruplar\u0131n tahliyesinin yap\u0131lamamas\u0131, merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve sorumlu kurum FEMA\u2019n\u0131n (Federal Emergency Management Agency) b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zafiyeti olarak de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"605\" height=\"284\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1572\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-1.png 605w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-1-300x141.png 300w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-1-100x47.png 100w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-1-585x275.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaynak: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/dunyayi-sarsan-olaylar-katrina-kasirgasi-336485.html\">https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/dunyayi-sarsan-olaylar-katrina-kasirgasi-336485.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00d6zellikle Kas\u0131rga g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131ndaki Latinolar aras\u0131nda, yakla\u015fan f\u0131rt\u0131na hakk\u0131nda bilgi edinme ve tahliye veya acil bar\u0131naklara ula\u015fmadaki engeller aras\u0131nda yetersiz \u0130ngilizce d\u00fczeyi ve bireysel ula\u015f\u0131m eksikli\u011fi mevcut oldu\u011fu rapor edilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca s\u0131n\u0131r d\u0131\u015f\u0131 edilme korkusu veya tehdidi, belgesiz veya stat\u00fcs\u00fcz Latino g\u00f6\u00e7menler aras\u0131nda yard\u0131m ve destek araman\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcndeki bir di\u011fer bildirilen engeldi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u00dclkemizde Afet B\u00f6lgelerinde Dil Bariyeri Nas\u0131l A\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkemizde afet durumlar\u0131nda \u00e7eviri gereksinimi i\u00e7in akla ilk Afette Rehber \u00c7evirmenlik (AR\u00c7) gelmektedir. 1999 Marmara depreminden sonra yurt d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan gelen yabanc\u0131 arama kurtarma ekipleri ve yard\u0131m kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ile uluslararas\u0131 ileti\u015fimi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kurulan AR\u00c7, \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi \u00c7eviri Bilim B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc giri\u015fimiyle \u00c7eviri Derne\u011fi\u2019nin \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda kuruldu. AR\u00c7 g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck esas\u0131na dayanarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda Van Depremi sonras\u0131 AR\u00c7\u2019lerin g\u00f6r\u00fcnen faydalar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 il AFAD (Afet ve Acil Durum Y\u00f6netimi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131) kurumlar\u0131 kendi b\u00fcnyesinde \u00e7evirmenler istihdam etmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Diyarbak\u0131r Tabip Odas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yeterli seviyede T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bilmeyen hasta ile ileti\u015fimin sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in doktorun K\u00fcrt\u00e7e de sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmeti sa\u011flamas\u0131 amac\u0131yla 227 sayfal\u0131k <em>K\u00fcrt\u00e7e Anamnez <\/em>adl\u0131 dilbilgisi, hasta \u00f6yk\u00fcleri, s\u00f6zl\u00fck gibi ba\u015fl\u0131klar i\u00e7eren iki dilli bir kitap yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak hi\u00e7 K\u00fcrt\u00e7e bilmeyen bir hekimin bu t\u0131bbi \u00e7eviri kitab\u0131n\u0131 okuyup hastalarla ne derece ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fi ise tart\u0131\u015fma s\u00f6z konusudur. Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 2012\u2019de Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Geli\u015ftirilmesi Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda kurulan Uluslararas\u0131 Hasta Destek Birimi\u2019nin hizmete girmesiyle sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7evirileri i\u00e7in kurumsalla\u015fma s\u00fcreci ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015f oldu. Ayr\u0131ca Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcnyesinde kurulan 444 47 28 telefon hatt\u0131 \u00fczerinden 7 g\u00fcn 24 saat \u0130ngilizce, Almanca, Arap\u00e7a, Rus\u00e7a, Fars\u00e7a ve Frans\u0131zca gibi bir\u00e7ok dilde \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 hizmeti veren Uluslararas\u0131 Hasta Destek Hatt\u0131 mevcuttur. Ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fclkemizdeki Suriye\u2019den g\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f ki\u015filere koruyucu sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetleri ile temel sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerini daha etkin ve verimli bir \u015fekilde sunabilmek, dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr bariyerinden kaynaklanan sorunlar\u0131 a\u015fabilmek, sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine eri\u015fimi art\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in bu ki\u015filerin yo\u011fun olarak ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerlerde, <em>G\u00f6\u00e7men Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Merkezleri<\/em> kurulmu\u015ftur. Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n S\u0131hhat Projesi bilgilendirme sayfas\u0131nda Suriyelilerin sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerine eri\u015fimi art\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, S\u0131hhat Projesi kapsam\u0131nda g\u00f6\u00e7men n\u00fcfusun yo\u011fun oldu\u011fu 29 ilde 177 G\u00f6\u00e7men Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Merkezi faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve 790 G\u00f6\u00e7men Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Biriminin kurulmas\u0131 planland\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilmektedir. G\u00f6\u00e7men sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 merkezleri genelde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak 1. basamak sa\u011fl\u0131k merkezi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"605\" height=\"308\" src=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1573\" srcset=\"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-2.png 605w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-2-300x153.png 300w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-2-100x51.png 100w, https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/31\/2024\/09\/image-2-585x298.png 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 605px) 100vw, 605px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Peki Ne Yap\u0131lmas\u0131 Gerekir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p><strong>\u00d6neriler;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>G\u00f6\u00e7menlere \u00f6zel halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kampanyalar\u0131 ve onlara ula\u015f\u0131labilecek bir platformda duyurular yap\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>K\u00fcresel g\u00f6\u00e7men n\u00fcfusu artmaya devam edecek. Ev sahibi \u00fclkeler, gelecekteki afetler s\u0131ras\u0131nda halk\u0131n refah\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in kurumlara olan g\u00fcveni artt\u0131rmak ad\u0131na e\u011fitime destek vermek i\u00e7in yeterli sa\u011fl\u0131k tan\u0131t\u0131m kampanyalar koordine edilmeli.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>B\u00fcrokrasiye ula\u015f\u0131labilirlik kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6\u00e7men afetzedelerle birlikte toplum temelli sa\u011fl\u0131k ve dil e\u011fitimi programlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirerek, toplum-kat\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 bir ortakl\u0131k olu\u015fturma s\u00fcreciyle, kurulu\u015flar ve topluluklar olu\u015fturulmal\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dclkelerin anadilleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir dili konu\u015fan pop\u00fclasyonlar i\u00e7in acil planlama tatbikatlar\u0131, masa \u00fcst\u00fc tatbikatlar ve hastane afet tatbikatlar\u0131 gibi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya y\u00f6nelik bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sergilenmeli.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dclkeler anadilleri d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir dili konu\u015fan pop\u00fclasyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in T\u0131bbi Terc\u00fcman yeti\u015ftirmeli.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7evirmenlerini e\u011fitmek \u00fczere \u00fcniversiteler b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00f6rev bilincinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sadece \u00fclkemize g\u00f6\u00e7 eden topluluklar de\u011fil ayr\u0131ca Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcneydo\u011fu Anadolu\u2019da ikamet eden ve T\u00fcrk\u00e7e d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sadece K\u00fcrt\u00e7e, Zazaca ve Arap\u00e7a gibi dilleri konu\u015fan ki\u015filere de bu minvalde \u00e7eviri hizmeti verilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6\u00e7men Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Merkezleri say\u0131ca yeterli hale getirilmeli ve buralarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan personel say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>K<\/strong>aynak\u00e7a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-68afab4e wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p>1. Duruel, Mehmet. &#8220;Afetlerde g\u00f6\u00e7men olmak: 6 \u015eubat depremi Hatay \u00f6rne\u011fi.&#8221; Mukaddime 14.2 (2023): 227-255.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2.Semerci, P\u0131nar Uyan, et al. &#8220;Deprem b\u00f6lgesinde g\u00f6\u00e7men\/s\u0131\u011f\u0131nmac\u0131\/m\u00fclteci olmak.&#8221; Reflektif Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 4.2 (2023): 469-483.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Wang, Cheng, et al. &#8220;Disease knowledge and attitudes during the COVID-19 epidemic among international migrants in China: a national cross-sectional study.&#8221; International Journal of Biological Sciences 16.15 (2020): 2895.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. <a href=\"https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Katrina_Kas%C4%B1rgas%C4%B1\">https:\/\/tr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Katrina_Kas%C4%B1rgas%C4%B1<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. D\u00fczel, Mehmet , Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi: T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00c7evirmenlerinin Rol Belirsizli\u011fi Ve Rol \u00c7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131: Antalya, Ankara Ve \u0130stanbul\u2019da Bulunan Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00c7evirmenlerinin Erving Goffman\u2019\u0131n Rol Modeli E\u015fli\u011finde \u0130ncelenmesi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. Nepal, V., Banerjee, D., Slentz, M., Perry, M., &amp; Scott, D. (2010). Community-based participatory research in disaster preparedness among linguistically isolated populations: A public health perspective.\u00a0Journal of empirical research on human research ethics,\u00a05(4), 53-63.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. Baechler, N. C. (2018, May). Afet risk ve zarar azaltmada ileti\u015fim stratejisinin rol\u00fc. In 2nd International Symposium on Natural Hazards and Disaster Management, Sakarya University Culture and Congress Center, Sakarya-Turkey 04-06 May 2018.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8. Doust Mohammadi, M. M., Salmani, I., &amp; Farahmandnia, H. (2024). Social vulnerabilities among immigrants and refugees in emergencies and disasters: a systematic review. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1235464.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/dunyayi-sarsan-olaylar-katrina-kasirgasi-336485.html\">https:\/\/www.trthaber.com\/haber\/dunya\/dunyayi-sarsan-olaylar-katrina-kasirgasi-336485.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, A. (2020). T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019DE G\u00d6\u00c7 VE SA\u011eLIK POL\u0130T\u0130KALARI ANAL\u0130Z\u0130:\u201cSIHHAT PROJES\u0130\u201d \u00d6RNE\u011e\u0130. Sosyal Politika \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Dergisi, 20(47), 473-496.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11. Ishii, E., Nawa, N., Matsui, H., Otomo, Y., &amp; Fujiwara, T. (2022). Comparison of disease patterns and outcomes between non-Japanese and Japanese patients at a single tertiary emergency care center in Japan. Journal of Epidemiology, 32(2), 80-88.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>12. Messias, D. K. H., Barrington, C., &amp; Lacy, E. (2012). Latino social network dynamics and the Hurricane Katrina disaster. Disasters, 36(1), 101-121.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ki\u015filerin bulunduklar\u0131 yerden ba\u015fka bir yere ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 veya yerle\u015fmesi anlam\u0131na gelen g\u00f6\u00e7, genelde farkl\u0131 co\u011fraf\u00ee b\u00f6lgeler as\u0131ndaki yer de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3256,"featured_media":1574,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"yes","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[10043],"tags":[10059,10120,10121,10119,10078],"class_list":["post-1570","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-afet-yazi-dizisi","tag-afet","tag-dil","tag-dil-problemi","tag-gocmen","tag-yonetim"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1570","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3256"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1570"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1570\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1574"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1570"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1570"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1570"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}