{"id":1540,"date":"2024-08-01T08:30:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-01T05:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/?p=1540"},"modified":"2024-07-28T18:29:28","modified_gmt":"2024-07-28T15:29:28","slug":"afetlerde-ilac-ve-tibbi-ekipman-bagislarinin-yonetimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/afet-yazi-dizisi\/afetlerde-ilac-ve-tibbi-ekipman-bagislarinin-yonetimi\/","title":{"rendered":"Afetlerde \u0130la\u00e7 ve T\u0131bbi Ekipman Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Y\u00f6netimi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1.Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color has-normal-font-size wp-elements-35326ac214268bf2445b4b69431d251c\">Afetler, bir toplumun kendi kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma kapasitesini a\u015fan, toplumun i\u015fleyi\u015finde meydana gelen ciddi kesintilerdir. Afetlerin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6rle ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fu gibi afete maruz kalan toplumun haz\u0131r bulunu\u015flu\u011fu ile de ilgilidir. Haz\u0131r bulunu\u015fluk yetersiz ise ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 yard\u0131mlar afetten etkilenen toplum i\u00e7in seferber edilebilir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ihtiyac\u0131 olanlara yard\u0131m etmek temel insani bir i\u00e7 g\u00fcd\u00fcd\u00fcr(1). Bununla birlikte yard\u0131mlar vergi indirimlerinden faydalanmak i\u00e7in, bazen tan\u0131t\u0131m ama\u00e7l\u0131,&nbsp; bazen de \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin imhas\u0131 i\u00e7in olu\u015facak masraftan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak ama\u00e7l\u0131 da yap\u0131labilir(2). Yard\u0131mlar ayni ve nakdi yard\u0131mlar \u015feklinde afetten etkilen topluma ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. Nakdi yard\u0131mlar para yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ifade ederken, ayni yard\u0131mlar para d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda herhangi bir yard\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7erebilir. Ayni yard\u0131mlar olduk\u00e7a faydal\u0131 olmalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen d\u00fczensiz, al\u0131c\u0131 taraf bilgisi olmadan ve uygunsuz ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131nda afet ortam\u0131nda ciddi sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilirler(1). Bu nedenle yard\u0131mlara dair belirlenmi\u015f y\u00f6nergelere hem ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 hem de al\u0131c\u0131 toplumlar\u0131n uymas\u0131 son derece \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli bir afetin ard\u0131ndan t\u0131bbi acil yard\u0131mlar, yard\u0131m m\u00fcdahalelerinin en kritik bile\u015fenlerindendir(3). Biz de bu yaz\u0131m\u0131zda medikal olmayan bir afete sekonder yan\u0131t olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ila\u00e7 ve t\u0131bbi ekipman yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimindeki temel unsurlardan D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (DS\u00d6)\u2019n\u00fcn konu ile ilgili temel k\u0131lavuzlar\u0131n\u0131 esas alarak, bahsetmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2.Afetlerde T\u0131bbi Yard\u0131mlar\u0131n Temel Prensipleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130nsani yard\u0131m ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131, afet ma\u011fdurlar\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir \u015fekilde koordine edildi\u011finde ve ger\u00e7ek ihtiya\u00e7lara y\u00f6nelik yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda faydal\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r. Afet zaman\u0131nda yap\u0131lacak olan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flarda hem ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar i\u00e7in hem de yetkili \u00fclkeler i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtilen temel ilkelerin bilinmesi gerekir(4):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Afetler genelle\u015ftirilmemelidir; afetlerin sa\u011fl\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne etkileri ya\u015fan\u0131lan afet tipine, \u00fclkenin ekonomik ve politik altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sa\u011fl\u0131k yard\u0131mlar\u0131, sa\u011fl\u0131kla ilgili insani yard\u0131mlar\u0131 koordine etmek \u00fczere Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6revlendirilen yetkililere dan\u0131\u015f\u0131larak yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r; sa\u011fl\u0131k afet koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc, acil durumlara haz\u0131rl\u0131k i\u00e7in odak noktas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rev yapan ve sa\u011fl\u0131kla ilgili insani faaliyetleri koordine eden k\u0131demli bir sa\u011fl\u0131k yetkilisi olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Afetten etkilenen \u00fclkelerdeki yetkililer taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan ileti\u015fim, koordinasyon ve denetim prosed\u00fcrlerine uyulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Etkilenen \u00fclkenin ulusal sa\u011fl\u0131k yetkilileri taraf\u0131ndan acil ihtiya\u00e7 de\u011ferlendirmesi yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r; ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n belirlenmesi ve yard\u0131m\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi uzayabilir bu y\u00fczden ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar, ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan veya duyulmayan belirli yard\u0131m t\u00fcrleri hakk\u0131nda h\u0131zl\u0131ca bilgilendirilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar neyi ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamalar\u0131, neyi ba\u011f\u0131\u015flamamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar, acil ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in birbirleri aras\u0131nda rekabete girmemelidir; kalite ve uygunluk yard\u0131m\u0131n boyutundan, parasal de\u011ferinden ve h\u0131z\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ok \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Acil yard\u0131mlar, etkilenen \u00fclke taraf\u0131ndan uygulanan \u00f6nlemlerin ayn\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, tamamlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n y\u00f6netiminde hesap verebilirli\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bilgiler a\u00e7\u0131k bir \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131 ve incelemeye tabi tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r; ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lara ve ulusal makamlara, sevkiyatlar\u0131n durumu ve malzemelerin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 hakk\u0131nda do\u011fru raporlar sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Acil uluslararas\u0131 yard\u0131m i\u00e7in medya raporlar\u0131na a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 tepki verilmemelidir; resmi olarak yard\u0131m istenilene kadar beklenilmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-7b588b7d46538a8b9fc2fbeccdbd9d6f\"><a>Uluslararas\u0131 kaynaklardan t\u0131bbi yard\u0131mlar h\u00fck\u00fcmetler, uluslararas\u0131 organizasyonlar ve sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanabilir. Bu \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklar\u0131n birbirlerinden farkl\u0131 alt yap\u0131, imk\u00e2n ve k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131klara sahip olabilece\u011fi unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Afetler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk planda nakdi yard\u0131mlar, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n yerel ve kom\u015fu kaynaklardan temin edilebilmesi i\u00e7in daha uygun olabilir. &nbsp;<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3.Afetlerde \u0130la\u00e7 <\/strong><strong>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>DS\u00d6\u2019ye g\u00f6re ila\u00e7, fizyolojik sistemleri veya patolojik durumlar\u0131, insan yarar\u0131 i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015ftirmek veya incelemek amac\u0131 ile kullan\u0131lan herhangi bir madde veya \u00fcr\u00fcnd\u00fcr(5). &nbsp;Acil durumlarda iyi planlanm\u0131\u015f ve uygulanm\u0131\u015f ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131, \u00f6nemli insan ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lama ve \u00f6zellikle yoksullar aras\u0131nda insan refah\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirme potansiyeline sahiptir. Alternatif olarak, uygunsuz veya yetersiz koordineli ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131, kafa kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve israf yaratabilir, al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkelerdeki farmas\u00f6tik ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemlerine \u00f6nemli maliyetler getirebilir ve olumsuz sa\u011fl\u0131k sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunabilir(6).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130la\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131nda acil yard\u0131m, uzun vadeli yard\u0131m veya ulusal sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemlerine veya bireysel sa\u011fl\u0131k tesislerine yard\u0131m gibi bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 senaryo vard\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar ila\u00e7 \u015firketlerinden (do\u011frudan veya \u00f6zel g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc kurulu\u015flar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla) gelebilir, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerden yard\u0131m \u015feklinde gelebilir veya do\u011frudan tek bir sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015funa y\u00f6nelik ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar olabilir. K\u0131lavuzlar, iyi ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n bu ortak \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131mlamay\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130la\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 rehberi, iyi ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturan d\u00f6rt temel ilkeye dayanmaktad\u0131r(7):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0130la\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131ya m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan azami \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde fayda sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar, ifade edilen bir ihtiyaca dayanmal\u0131, istenmeyen ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar cayd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n isteklerine, yetkisine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilerek ve al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkenin h\u00fck\u00fcmet politikalar\u0131na, idari d\u00fczenlemelerine uygun olarak yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Her iki taraf ile form\u00fcle edilen bir plana g\u00f6re yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131\u015flarda, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 ve al\u0131c\u0131 aras\u0131nda etkin bir koordinasyon ile i\u015f birli\u011fi olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kalitede \u00e7ifte standart olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bir \u00f6\u011fenin kalitesi kabul edilemez ise ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 olan \u00fclkede de ba\u011f\u0131\u015f olarak kabul edilemez.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b3bdab84433d2234201669d744b887fa\">&#8211;<a><strong>\u0130la\u00e7 Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Y\u00f6nergeler<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DS\u00d6 taraf\u0131ndan belirtilen ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f y\u00f6nergeleri \u015funlard\u0131r(7):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u00fcm ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131, ifade edilen bir ihtiyaca dayal\u0131 olmal\u0131 ve al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkedeki hastal\u0131k modeliyle ilgili olmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130la\u00e7lar, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceden onay\u0131 olmadan g\u00f6nderilmemelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan t\u00fcm ila\u00e7lar veya bunlar\u0131n e\u015fde\u011ferleri, ulusal temel ila\u00e7lar listesinde g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeli, ulusal bir liste mevcut de\u011filse, DS\u00d6 Temel \u0130la\u00e7lar Model Listesinde g\u00f6r\u00fcnmesi gerekmektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n sunumu, g\u00fcc\u00fc ve form\u00fclasyonu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkede yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lara benzer olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan t\u00fcm ila\u00e7lar g\u00fcvenilir bir kaynaktan al\u0131nmal\u0131 ve hem verici hem de al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkedeki kalite standartlar\u0131na uygun olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Uluslararas\u0131 ticarette hareket eden ila\u00e7 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin kalitesine ili\u015fkin DS\u00d6 Sertifikasyon Program\u0131 kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hastalara verilen, eczaneye iade edilen veya sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131na \u00fccretsiz numune olarak verilen hi\u00e7bir ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n kalan raf \u00f6mr\u00fc, al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkeye vard\u0131ktan sonra en az bir y\u0131l olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Belirli sa\u011fl\u0131k tesislerine do\u011frudan yap\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar, al\u0131c\u0131 taraftaki sorumlu personel taraf\u0131ndan raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn fark\u0131nda olundu\u011fu kabul edilirse bu bir istisna say\u0131labilir ve bu kalan raf \u00f6mr\u00fc kullan\u0131mdan \u00f6nce uygun uygulaman\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verir. Her durumda, ila\u00e7lar\u0131n var\u0131\u015f ve son kullanma tarihlerinin al\u0131c\u0131ya \u00f6nceden bildirilmesi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00fcm ila\u00e7lar, al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkedeki sa\u011fl\u0131k profesyonelleri taraf\u0131ndan kolayca anla\u015f\u0131labilecek bir dilde etiketlenmelidir. Her bir kap \u00fczerindeki etiket, en az\u0131ndan Uluslararas\u0131 Tescilli Olmayan Ad\u0131 (INN) veya jenerik ad\u0131n\u0131, parti numaras\u0131n\u0131, dozaj formunu, etkisini, \u00fcreticinin ad\u0131n\u0131, \u00fcretim \u00fclkesini, kaptaki miktar\u0131n\u0131, saklama ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 ve son kullanma tarihlerini i\u00e7ermelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar, al\u0131c\u0131ya uygun ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 ortama uygun paket boyutlar\u0131nda sunulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00fcm ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 nakliye y\u00f6netmeliklerine uygun olarak paketlenmeli ve bunun yan\u0131nda, INN&#8217; ye g\u00f6re numaraland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f her kartonun i\u00e7eri\u011fini, dozaj formunu, miktar\u0131n\u0131, parti numaras\u0131n\u0131, son kullanma tarihini, hacmini, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve herhangi bir \u00f6zel saklama ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 da i\u00e7ermelidir. Karton ba\u015f\u0131na a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k 30 kilogram\u0131 ge\u00e7memelidir. \u0130la\u00e7lar ayn\u0131 kartonda ba\u015fka malzemelerle kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Al\u0131c\u0131lar, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen, haz\u0131rlanan veya fiilen yap\u0131lmakta olan t\u00fcm ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkede, bir ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n beyan edilen de\u011feri, al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkedeki jenerik e\u015fde\u011ferinin toptan sat\u0131\u015f fiyat\u0131na veya b\u00f6yle bir bilgi mevcut de\u011filse, jenerik e\u015fde\u011ferinin toptan d\u00fcnya pazar\u0131ndaki fiyat\u0131na dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uluslararas\u0131 ve yerel nakliye, antrepo, liman temizli\u011fi ve uygun depolama ve nakliye masraflar\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131 ile \u00f6nceden aksi \u00f6zellikle kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131k\u00e7a, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 kurum taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6denmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>-\u0130la\u00e7 Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Al\u0131c\u0131 Politikas\u0131<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DS\u00d6 taraf\u0131ndan belirtilen ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131na ili\u015fkin al\u0131c\u0131 politikalar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r(7):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0130la\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in ulusal y\u00f6nergeleri tan\u0131mlama:<\/em><\/strong> Bir al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 reddetmesi zor oldu\u011fundan dolay\u0131 gereksiz ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u00f6nlemesi gerekmektedir. Al\u0131c\u0131lar, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131na ne t\u00fcr yard\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7 duyduklar\u0131n\u0131 ve bunu nas\u0131l almak istediklerini belirtmeleri gerekir. Bu nedenle, al\u0131c\u0131lar ilk \u00f6nce kendileri i\u00e7in bir ulusal ila\u00e7 k\u0131lavuzu olu\u015fturmal\u0131d\u0131r. Olu\u015fturulan k\u0131lavuzlar daha sonra resmi olarak sunulmal\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 topluluklara a\u00e7\u0131klanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0130la\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in idari prosed\u00fcrleri tan\u0131mlama:<\/em><\/strong> \u0130la\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n potansiyel faydas\u0131n\u0131 en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan idari prosed\u00fcrlerin geli\u015ftirilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Her \u00fclkede ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bu t\u00fcr \u00f6nemli konulara \u00f6rnekler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0130la\u00e7 ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131ndan kim sorumlu olmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00fcm ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kim koordine etmelidir?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f planlan\u0131rken hangi belgelere ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar kurallara uymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda hangi prosed\u00fcrler kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 kabul etme\/reddetme kriterleri ne olmal\u0131 ve buna kim karar vermelidir?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, depolanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kim koordine etmelidir?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirilmeli ve b\u00fct\u00e7e\/harcama kay\u0131tlar\u0131na nas\u0131l i\u015flenmelidir?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uygun olmayan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar nas\u0131l bertaraf edilmelidir?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 belirleme:<\/em><\/strong> Bu eylem, gerekli miktarlar\u0131 belirterek ve \u00f6\u011felere \u00f6ncelik vererek talepleri dikkatli bir \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlama sorumlulu\u011funu al\u0131c\u0131ya y\u00fcklemektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Son kullanma tarihi bir y\u0131ldan az kalm\u0131\u015f olan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n y\u00f6netimi:<\/em><\/strong> \u0130la\u00e7lar\u0131n son kullanma tarihi genellikle \u00fczerindeki etiketlerinde bulunur ve uygun ko\u015fullarda sakland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda o tarihe kadar o \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn belirtilen \u00f6zelliklerini koruyaca\u011f\u0131 kabul edilir. T\u00fcm ila\u00e7lar\u0131n al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkeye ula\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra kalan raf \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn en az bir y\u0131l olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi tavsiyesi, \u00fclke i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m gecikmelerine izin vermektedir. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131ca g\u00fcmr\u00fckten ge\u00e7irilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu y\u00fczden, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan t\u00fcm ila\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemleri haz\u0131r olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar\u0131 dikkatli bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6netme:<\/em><\/strong> Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n de\u011feri \u00f6nemli olabilir, bu y\u00fczden gerekli h\u0131zla ve \u00f6zenle g\u00f6nderilmelidir. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar al\u0131c\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6zenle incelenmeli ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 kurulu\u015fa teyit ettirildikten sonra depolanmal\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n ihracat, ticari sat\u0131\u015f veya yasa d\u0131\u015f\u0131 kanallara y\u00f6nlendirilmemesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in gereken \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterilmelidir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fc8a2c785723d4c9312991b77ab7dcca\">&#8211;<a><strong>\u0130la\u00e7 Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 Politikas\u0131<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar, DS\u00d6 taraf\u0131ndan belirtilen ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00f6rt ilkeye her zaman sayg\u0131 g\u00f6stermelidir. Ayr\u0131ca ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in ulusal y\u00f6nergelere uymal\u0131 ve al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan belirtilen \u00f6ncelikli ihtiya\u00e7lara cevap vermelidir. Habersiz ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca engellenmelidir(7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Son kullanma tarihi k\u0131sa olan ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131nma:<\/em><\/strong> Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7larda temel problem, son kullanma tarihi k\u0131sa olan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Kamuoyunu bilgilendirme:<\/em><\/strong> Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapan \u00fclkedeki genel halk, ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla ilgili ortak sorunlar\u0131n genelde fark\u0131nda de\u011fildir. Bu nedenle, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapan \u00fclkelerdeki h\u00fck\u00fcmetler \u201ciyi ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131\u2019\u2019 konusunda halk bilinci olu\u015fturmal\u0131 ve bu konuda \u00e7aba sarf etmelidir. Bunun i\u00e7in en uygun ortam, medya arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile halka yap\u0131lan bilgilendirmelerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 koordinasyonu olu\u015fturma:<\/em><\/strong> Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00fclke i\u00e7indeki farkl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bir koordinasyon organ\u0131 ile i\u015f birli\u011fi yapmalar\u0131 \u00f6nerilmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8211;<strong>\u0130la\u00e7 Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Lojistik Y\u00f6netimi<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130la\u00e7 tedarik zincir y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in lojistik faaliyetler olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. \u0130la\u00e7lar\u0131n kendisine \u00f6zg\u00fc nitelikleri sebebiyle uluslararas\u0131 kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f sekt\u00f6r standartlar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130la\u00e7 ve farmakolojik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin, \u00f6zellikle a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n ve biyolojik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin so\u011fuk zincir ko\u015fullar\u0131nda depolanmas\u0131 ve nakledilmesi gerekir(8). Erdal ve Korucuk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 ila\u00e7 lojisti\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan kriterleri; malzeme, ilac\u0131n aktif bile\u015fenleri, fiziksel, kimyasal ve biyolojik bula\u015fma, paketleme malzemeleri, etiketleme, depolama ve depolama sahas\u0131, depo ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n izlenmesi, raf \u00f6mr\u00fc, tekrar de\u011ferlendirme, tedarik\u00e7iler, insan kaynaklar\u0131, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m ve ta\u015f\u0131ma olarak de\u011ferlendirmi\u015flerdir(8). Bu kriterler birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek ile a\u00e7\u0131klanacak olursa;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Paketlemede kullan\u0131lan yard\u0131mc\u0131 malzemeler ve ila\u00e7lar\u0131n spesifik bilgileri, a\u00e7\u0131k, anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve belirgin bir \u015fekilde \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fczerine etiket halinde yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Depolama sahalar\u0131n, farmas\u00f6tik \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in en ideal depolama ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde dekore edilmesi gerekmektedir. Depolamada, son kullanma tarihleri ge\u00e7en veya kullan\u0131lamaz hale gelen \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin karantinaya al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve \u00fczerlerine bilgi veren etiketlerin yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Depo i\u00e7i ko\u015fullar\u0131n izlenmesi ve i\u00e7 ortam s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da kaydedilmesi \u00f6nemlidir. Farmas\u00f6tik \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ve ila\u00e7lar\u0131n hastalar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce depo ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden sonra tekrar kontrol edilmesi gerekmektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00dcretim, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m, hastane ve eczaneler gibi lojistik faaliyetleri icra edildi\u011fi zamanlarda g\u00f6rev alan personellerin, \u00fcr\u00fcnler hakk\u0131nda uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve e\u011fitimli olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Farmas\u00f6tik \u00fcr\u00fcnler ve ila\u00e7lar kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc niteliklerine g\u00f6re uygun bir bi\u00e7imde ta\u015f\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131mada, depo \u015fartlar\u0131na uygun ko\u015fullar olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekmekte ve so\u011fuk zincirin k\u0131r\u0131lmamas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u00dcr\u00fcnlerin \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re; kuru buz, karyojenik so\u011futma ve so\u011fuk havaland\u0131rma y\u00f6nteminden birisi kullan\u0131larak \u0131s\u0131l ihtiya\u00e7lar korunmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 so\u011fuk hava durumlar\u0131nda \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin donmas\u0131 veya kristalize olmas\u0131 engellenmelidir(8).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4.Afetlerde T\u0131bbi Ekipman Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">&#8211;<strong>T\u0131bbi Ekipmanlar<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>DS\u00d6\u2019ye g\u00f6re t\u0131bbi ekipman, \u00fcretici taraf\u0131ndan tek veya kombinasyon halinde insanlar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lanan herhangi bir alet, aparat, makine ve cihazlar \u015feklinde tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r(9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>DS\u00d6\u2019de t\u0131bbi ekipmanlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131(10):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n te\u015fhisi, \u00f6nlenmesi, izlenmesi, tedavisi veya hafifletilmesi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir yaralanman\u0131n te\u015fhisi, izlenmesi, tedavisi veya hafifletilmesi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anatomik veya fizyolojik bir s\u00fcrecin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ya\u015fam\u0131 desteklemek veya s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmek,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gebe kalman\u0131n kontrol\u00fc,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u0131bbi cihazlar\u0131n dezenfeksiyonu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130nsan v\u00fccudundan elde edilen \u00f6rneklerin incelenmesi ve bilgi sa\u011flanmas\u0131 \u015feklinde s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0131bbi cihazlar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ortamlarda te\u015fhis ve tedaviyi eri\u015filebilir hale getirilebilmektedir. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan t\u0131bbi ekipman \u00fczerinde cihaz\u0131n durumu, ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n sorumluluklar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda net bir dok\u00fcmantasyon veya etiket bulunmamas\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir sorun haline gelebilir. Son kullanma tarihleri ge\u00e7mi\u015f, kusurlu ekipman ve al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan talep edilmeyen gereksiz ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkelerin bak\u0131m ve imha i\u00e7in istenmeyen maliyetlere maruz kalmas\u0131na neden olabilir. Bu y\u00fczden t\u0131bbi ekipmanlar\u0131n \u201cstandartlar\u0131n alt\u0131nda\u201d oldu\u011fu ve al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkeye \u201cat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d izlenimi yaratabildi\u011finden dolay\u0131 kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ekipmanlar\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanmas\u0131n\u0131n kabul edilmedi\u011fi durumlar olabilir. Halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan t\u0131bbi ekipmanlar, g\u00fcvenlik kalite ve performanslar\u0131yla ilgili t\u00fcm yasal gerekliliklere uymal\u0131 ve d\u00fczenli bir tedarik zinciri yoluyla ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan di\u011fer ekipmanlardan farkl\u0131 olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u0131bbi ekipman ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 senaryoda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar, do\u011frudan veya \u00f6zel g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc kurulu\u015flarla hareket eden \u015firketler veya di\u011fer h\u00fck\u00fcmetlere yard\u0131m sa\u011flayan h\u00fck\u00fcmetler olabilir. Bireysel sa\u011fl\u0131k tesislerinden t\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemlerine kadar \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden dolay\u0131 senaryolar aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131l\u0131klar vard\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden uygun bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f olabilmesi i\u00e7in herkes i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olan bir\u00e7ok temel kural vard\u0131r. DS\u00d6, geli\u015fmekte olan \u00fclkelerin sa\u011fl\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde t\u0131bbi ekipman ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kalitesini iyile\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla bir k\u0131lavuz haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r(11).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-21b6c4aa690d4ce393219efaeaa382d3\"><a><strong>-T\u0131bbi Ekipman Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in Temel \u0130lkeler<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Birinci ilke, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan maksimum \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde sa\u011fl\u0131k ekipman\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131c\u0131ya fayda sa\u011flamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir. Bu nedenle, t\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar ifade edilmi\u015f ve onaylanm\u0131\u015f bir ihtiyaca dayanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130kinci ilke, yap\u0131lan ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131n al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n isteklerine ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemi i\u00e7indeki yetkilerine sayg\u0131 g\u00f6sterilerek verilmesi ve al\u0131c\u0131 taraftaki mevcut h\u00fck\u00fcmet politikalar\u0131na, idari sistemlere uygun olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ilke, kalite ile ilgilidir. Bir \u00fcr\u00fcn ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 \u00fclkedeki kalite standartlar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yorsa, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f olarak kabul edilemez. Ayr\u0131ca, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ucundaki sa\u011fl\u0131k bak\u0131m ekipman\u0131 destek hizmetleriyle ilgili mevcut durum, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ekipman\u0131n kalite standartlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapan \u00fclkedekinden daha y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131n\u0131 bile gerektirebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ilke, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 ve al\u0131c\u0131 makam\u0131n, son kullan\u0131m aras\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131\u015f \u00f6ncesi, s\u0131ras\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda etkin bir ileti\u015fim olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fidir(11).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9e3f952f20e0eb6eb1dbb418c04cdf18\">&#8211;<a><strong>T\u0131bbi Ekipman Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131na \u0130li\u015fkin Al\u0131c\u0131 Politikas\u0131<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>T\u0131bbi ekipman ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in ulusal veya kurumsal y\u00f6nergeleri tan\u0131mlay\u0131n: <\/em><\/strong>Ulusal ve kurumsal y\u00f6nergeler, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n zor durumlardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Al\u0131c\u0131lar, olas\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lara ne t\u00fcr yard\u0131ma ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve bunu nas\u0131l almak istediklerini belirtmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>T\u0131bbi ekipman ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in idari prosed\u00fcrleri tan\u0131mlay\u0131n:<\/em><\/strong> T\u0131bbi ekipman ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n potansiyel faydas\u0131n\u0131 en \u00fcst seviyeye \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n idari prosed\u00fcrlerinin al\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, her al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclke veya kurulu\u015fta yan\u0131tlanmas\u0131 gereken sorular\u0131n bir \u00f6rne\u011fi verilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0130htiya\u00e7lar\u0131 belirlemekten kim sorumludur ve bunlar\u0131n \u00f6nceli\u011finden kim sorumludur?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k bak\u0131m ekipman\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 kim koordine ediyor?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f planlan\u0131rken hangi belgelere ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r ve bunlar\u0131 kim almal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan sa\u011fl\u0131k ekipman\u0131n\u0131n K\u0131lavuza uymamas\u0131 durumunda hangi prosed\u00fcr kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131 kabul etme veya reddetme kriterleri nelerdir ve nihai karar\u0131 kim verir?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan sa\u011fl\u0131k hizmetlerinin al\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, depolanmas\u0131n\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kim koordine eder?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirilir ve b\u00fct\u00e7e\/harcama kay\u0131tlar\u0131na nas\u0131l i\u015flenir?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tekrarlayan maliyet etkileriyle kim ilgilenmeli ve bu nas\u0131l yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uygunsuz ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar nas\u0131l bertaraf edilmelidir?\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan t\u0131bbi ekipman ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 belirtin: <\/em><\/strong>Al\u0131c\u0131, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 net bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlamak ve gerekli miktarlar\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde belirterek bunlar\u0131 \u00f6nceliklendiren talebi dikkatli bir \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlamaktan sorumludur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Bir lider ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 belirleyin: <\/em><\/strong>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar aras\u0131ndaki koordinasyon \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir ve bu ama\u00e7la ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n bir \u00f6nc\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 belirlemesi \u00f6nerilir. Koordineli ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar, ek yard\u0131m ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 belirlemeyi de kolayla\u015ft\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e7f8e183984de92c5c760d6333e69141\">&#8211;<a><strong>T\u0131bbi Ekipman Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f \u015eartlar\u0131 ve Kriterleri<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir ekipman\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f i\u00e7in haz\u0131r hale getirmeden \u00f6nce, potansiyel ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n ekipman hakk\u0131nda ele\u015ftirel bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmas\u0131 \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. \u0130\u015fe yaramaz ve g\u00fcvenli olmayan ekipman\u0131 bir yerden ba\u015fka bir yere ta\u015f\u0131mak yaln\u0131zca de\u011ferli kaynaklar\u0131n israf\u0131 de\u011fildir, ayn\u0131 zamanda ilgililerin olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyi niyet ve g\u00fcveni de zedeler(11).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Genel kalite:<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan sa\u011fl\u0131k ekipman\u0131n\u0131n sistem ve alt sistem seviyelerinde tam olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda olmas\u0131n\u0131 ve gerekli t\u00fcm aksesuar ve malzemelerin mevcut olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>G\u00fcvenlik ve standartlar:<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong>T\u00fcm sa\u011fl\u0131k bak\u0131m ekipman\u0131, \u00fcretici taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan mevcut g\u00fcvenlik ve performans \u00f6zelliklerini kar\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131 veya a\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Gerekirse, Uluslararas\u0131 Standardizasyon \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (ISO) ve Uluslararas\u0131 Elektroteknik Komisyonu (IEC) gibi uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan ilan edilen standartlar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131d\u0131rlar. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f yapan \u00fclkenin uygun d\u00fczenleyici kurumu taraf\u0131ndan onaylanmam\u0131\u015f ekipman ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Modas\u0131 ge\u00e7me:<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong>En az iki y\u0131l, tercihen d\u00f6rt y\u0131l \u00fcreticinin sat\u0131\u015f deste\u011fi gereklidir. Bu destek, yedek par\u00e7alar\u0131, aksesuarlar\u0131 (tekrar kullan\u0131labilir veya tek kullan\u0131ml\u0131k) ve sorun giderme, onar\u0131m ve bak\u0131m yard\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ermelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Uygun teknoloji:<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong>Geli\u015fmekte olan ekonomilerin t\u0131bbi ekipman sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirirken, potansiyel ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar bu t\u00fcr ekipmanlarda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki istenen \u00f6zellikleri tercih etmelidir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kolay kullan\u0131ml\u0131 olmas\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Minimum say\u0131da aksesuar i\u00e7ermesi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkede uygun maliyetli kullan\u0131m malzemelerinin (\u00f6zellikle tek kullan\u0131ml\u0131k) olmas\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Al\u0131c\u0131 \u00fclkenin sa\u011fl\u0131k sistemine uygun olmas\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck enerji t\u00fcketimi,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c7evreye kar\u015f\u0131 zarars\u0131z olmas\u0131,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kolay olmas\u0131.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Operasyon gereksinimi:<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanacak ekipman\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in gerekli olacak kablolar, reaktifler, filtreler, elektrotlar ve kay\u0131t k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 gibi t\u00fcm gerekli alt sistemleri al\u0131c\u0131ya bildirmelidir. Ekipman\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131 ve do\u011frulu\u011funu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in genellikle test ekipman\u0131 ve kalibrasyon standartlar\u0131 gerekir. Ekipman\u0131n kalan kullan\u0131m \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca bu \u00f6\u011felerin kullan\u0131labilirli\u011fi tespit edilmelidir. Yine, bu t\u00fcr bir e\u011fitime ihtiya\u00e7 duyulacaksa operat\u00f6r e\u011fitimi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Bak\u0131m gereksinimi:<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131, teknisyen e\u011fitimi, \u00f6zel aletler, \u00f6nleyici bak\u0131m malzemeleri ve gerekli olan test ve kalibrasyon ekipman\u0131 gibi ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bak\u0131m gereksinimlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6nerilen \u00f6nleyici bilgiler de dahil olmak \u00fczere gerekli belgeleri sa\u011flayabilmesi i\u00e7in kendi hizmet personelinden rehberlik almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u00d6zel gereksinimler:<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong>Ekipman\u0131n do\u011fru kullan\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel gereksinimler tan\u0131mlanmal\u0131 ve al\u0131c\u0131ya iletilmelidir. Bunlara hava veya su so\u011futmas\u0131, elektrik g\u00fcc\u00fc, su kalitesi, mekanik yerle\u015fim, radyasyon veya akustik koruma gereksinimleri dahildir, ancak bunlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-black-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8274dfd3e24c21bd4f9c776ce2eb3922\">&#8211;<a><strong>T\u0131bbi Ekipman Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n Lojistik Y\u00f6netimi<\/strong><\/a><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan t\u0131bbi ekipmanlar\u0131n lojistik y\u00f6netimine dair dikkat edilmesi gereken temel unsurlar \u015funlard\u0131r(11):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanacak ekipman\u0131 paketlemeden \u00f6nce, ekipman\u0131n g\u00fcvenli oldu\u011fundan ve \u00fcreticinin teknik \u00f6zellikleri dahilinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca t\u00fcm aksesuar ve sarf malzemeleri kontrol edilmelidir. Ekipman\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli t\u00fcm yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar dahil edilmelidir. Varsa slaytlar, kitaplar ve video kasetler gibi e\u011fitim yard\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hasta materyali i\u00e7erebilecek ekipman, paketleme ve nakliye \u00f6ncesinde uygun \u015fekilde temizlenmelidir. Radyoaktif kaynaklar kald\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve \u00f6zel nakliye konteyn\u0131rlar\u0131nda (d\u0131\u015far\u0131da radyoaktif i\u015faretli) uygun \u015fekilde paketlenmelidir. S\u0131v\u0131lar s\u00fcz\u00fclmeli ve k\u0131r\u0131lgan k\u0131s\u0131mlar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6zenle paketlenmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ekipman\u0131n, nakliye s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki hasar\u0131n\u0131 en aza indirmek i\u00e7in nakliye y\u00f6ntemine uygun olarak paketlenmesi gerekmektedir. Y\u00fczey nakliyesi i\u00e7in su ge\u00e7irmez ambalaj ve tahta sand\u0131klar bir zorunluluktur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Raf \u00f6mr\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olan malzemeler gerekti\u011finde ayr\u0131ca sevk edilmeli ve al\u0131c\u0131 bu durum hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6nderici, ilgili paketlerin i\u00e7indeki her \u015feyi listelemeli ve g\u00f6nderinin bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>T\u00fcm belgelerin, ekipman\u0131 kullanacak ve bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapacak personel taraf\u0131ndan yayg\u0131n olarak anla\u015f\u0131lan bir dilde sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. <strong>Gerekirse \u00e7evirileri sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong> Cihaz kontrollerinin, saya\u00e7lar\u0131n ve etiketlerin ayn\u0131 dilde olmas\u0131 veya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm etiketlerinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. En az\u0131ndan \u00e7evrilmi\u015f terimlerin bir listesi eklenmelidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Al\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan t\u0131bbi ekipmanlar\u0131n lojistik y\u00f6netimine dair dikkat edilmesi gereken temel unsurlar \u015funlard\u0131r(11):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>G\u00fcmr\u00fck i\u015flemleri al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sorumlulu\u011fundad\u0131r. \u00d6zel belgelere ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funda, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bunu sevkiyattan \u00f6nce talep etmesi gerekmektedir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>G\u00f6nderi al\u0131c\u0131ya ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm paketleri ve i\u00e7indekileri hasar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan incelemeli ve i\u00e7eri\u011fin sa\u011flam oldu\u011funu ve hi\u00e7bir \u015feyin eksik olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ekipman teknik olarak karma\u015f\u0131ksa, al\u0131c\u0131, hasar riskini azaltmak i\u00e7in ambalaj\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve do\u011frulaman\u0131n teknik olarak yetkin ve bilgili bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan (gerekirse \u00fcreticinin temsilcisi taraf\u0131ndan) yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Makbuz ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131ya teyit edilmelidir. Herhangi bir usuls\u00fczl\u00fck derhal ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131ya ve sigorta talepleri i\u00e7in nakliye \u015firketine bildirilmelidir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kurulumun, teknik a\u00e7\u0131dan yetkin bir ki\u015fi taraf\u0131ndan, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131dan al\u0131nan talimatlara g\u00f6re yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Ekipman\u0131n daha sonra, yeterli e\u011fitime sahip profesyoneller taraf\u0131ndan iyi sa\u011fl\u0131k bak\u0131m teknik hizmetleri uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n normal ilkelerine uygun olarak devreye al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ekipman hizmete girdikten sonra al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, ekipman\u0131n kalan kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6mr\u00fc boyunca g\u00fcvenli ve etkin bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ko\u015fulunda muhafaza edilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bir periyodik muayene, bak\u0131m ve kalibrasyon program\u0131 dahilinde uygulamas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5.Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Afetlerde t\u0131bbi ekipman ve ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131, afetzedelerin hayatta kalabilirli\u011fini ve esenli\u011fini en temelden etkileyen yard\u0131mlardand\u0131r. Bu nedenle ila\u00e7 ve t\u0131bbi ekipman ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131 i\u00e7in halihaz\u0131rda bulunan k\u0131lavuzlar ve DS\u00d6 y\u00f6nergeleri yak\u0131ndan takip edilmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ulusal veya uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde acil durum haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi, etkin bir \u015fekilde ila\u00e7 ve t\u0131bbi ekipman ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir katk\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in bir \u00f6ncelik listesi olu\u015fturmas\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n da uygun bir ba\u011f\u0131\u015f sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in bu listeye \u00f6nem g\u00f6stermesi gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130la\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n kalitesini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in gereksiz ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <strong>\u2018Ne kadar \u00e7ok ila\u00e7 ba\u011f\u0131\u015flan\u0131rsa o kadar iyi olur\u2019 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/strong> Fazladan ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan ila\u00e7lar, durumu zorla\u015ft\u0131rarak ikincil bir afet riskine yol a\u00e7abilir. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan t\u0131bbi ekipman ve ila\u00e7lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda di\u011fer en \u00f6nemli husus bu ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n y\u00f6netimidir. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flanan malzemeler, do\u011fru ki\u015fiye, do\u011fru yerde, do\u011fru zamanda iletilmelidir. Yap\u0131lan yard\u0131m malzemelerinin organizasyonu, korunmas\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve depolanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in lojistik faaliyet esaslar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Yazar Katk\u0131s\u0131: Aylin G\u00fcnsel, Bal\u0131kesir B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediyesi \u0130tfaiye Daire Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Bal\u0131kesir Afet Koordinasyon Merkezi<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6.Kaynaklar<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8cf370e7 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<p>1. Andrew M, Hitchens J. Volunteers and Donations. In: Ciottone GR, Burkle FM, Al-Ali SF, et al., eds. <em>Ciottone\u2019s Disaster Medicine<\/em>. Elsevier Inc.; 2023:313-322.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-normal-font-size\">2. Management Sciences for Health (MSH). Pharmaceutical donations. <em>Manag Access to Med Heal Technol<\/em>. Published online 2012. https:\/\/www.msh.org\/sites\/msh.org\/files\/mds3-ch15-donations-mar2012.pdf<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>3. Dolinskaya I, Besiou M, Guerrero-Garcia S. Humanitarian medical supply chain in disaster response. <em>J Humanit Logist Supply Chain Manag<\/em>. 2018;8(2):199-226. doi:10.1108\/JHLSCM-01-2018-0002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>4. PAHO, WHO. Humanitarian assistance in disaster situations\u202f: a guide for effective aid. Published online 1999:20.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>5. WHO. Safety of Medicines. <em>World Heal Organ Geneva<\/em>. 2002;2002(2002):20.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>6. Govindarajb R, Autier P, Gray R, Nassery HG, Schmets G, Lakshminarayanan R. <em>Drug Donations in Post-Emergency Situations<\/em>.; 2002. http:\/\/documents.worldbank.org\/curated\/en\/2002\/06\/3424095\/drug-donations-post-emergency-situations<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>7. Health Product Policy and Standards Medicines Selection IP and Affordability. Guidelines for Medicine Donations Revised 2010. <em>WHO Libr Cat Data<\/em>. Published online 2011. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241501989<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>8. Erdal H. \u0130la\u00e7 Lojisti\u011fi Kapsam\u0131nda Lojistik Kriterlerin Dematel Y\u00f6ntemi ile Belirlenmesi\u202f: Erzurum \u0130li \u00d6rne\u011fi \u0130la\u00e7 Lojisti\u011fi Kapsam\u0131nda Lojistik Kriterlerin Dematel Y\u00f6ntemi ile Belirlenmesi\u202f: Erzurum \u0130li \u00d6rne\u011fi. <em>Anadolu \u00dcniveristesi Sos Bilim Derg<\/em>. 2019;(March):155-166.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>9. GHTF. Global Harmonization Task Force Study Group 1: Definition of the Terms \u2018Medical Device\u2019 and \u2018In Vitro Diagnostic (IVD) Medical Device.\u2019 <em>Force, Study Gr 1 Glob Harmon Task<\/em>. 2012;(Ivd):6. http:\/\/www.imdrf.org\/docs\/ghtf\/final\/sg1\/technical-docs\/ghtf-sg1-n071-2012-definition-of-terms-120516.pdf#search=%22ghtf definition\u202f?Medical Device? 2012%22<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>10. World Health Organization. <em>WHO Global Model Regulatory Framework for Medical Devices Including in Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices.<\/em>; 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>11. WHO. Guidelines For Health Care Equipment Donations. <em>World Heal Organ<\/em>. 2000;(March):1-30.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1.Giri\u015f Afetler, bir toplumun kendi kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kma kapasitesini a\u015fan, toplumun i\u015fleyi\u015finde meydana gelen ciddi kesintilerdir. Afetlerin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bir\u00e7ok fakt\u00f6rle ili\u015fkili&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1450,"featured_media":1541,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[10043],"tags":[10059,10079,10117,10118,10078],"class_list":["post-1540","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-afet-yazi-dizisi","tag-afet","tag-afet-yonetimi","tag-ilac-yonetimi","tag-tibbi-ekipman-yonetimi","tag-yonetim"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1540","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1450"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1540"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1540\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1541"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1540"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1540"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/afet\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1540"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}