{"id":3395,"date":"2023-05-29T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-05-29T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/?p=3395"},"modified":"2023-05-25T10:47:12","modified_gmt":"2023-05-25T07:47:12","slug":"7406-sayili-yasa-dogrultusunda-mesleki-sorumluluk-kurulu-kasit-kavrami-ve-hekime-rucu-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/2023\/05\/29\/7406-sayili-yasa-dogrultusunda-mesleki-sorumluluk-kurulu-kasit-kavrami-ve-hekime-rucu-2\/","title":{"rendered":"7406 Say\u0131l\u0131 Yasa Dog\u0306rultusunda Mesleki Sorumluluk Kurulu, Kas\u0131t Kavram\u0131 ve Hekime Ru\u0308cu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

7406 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cT\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu ve Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u201d<\/em> ile, hekim\/di\u015f hekimi ve di\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131k meslek mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n, soru\u015fturma ve\u00a0r\u00fccu\u00a0s\u00fcrecini takip ve de\u011ferlendirmeyle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc bir \u201cMesleki Sorumluluk Kurulu\u201d<\/em><\/strong> olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur.\u00a0

Bu Yasaya ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, Kurulun olu\u015fumu ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015feklini d\u00fczenlemek; ayr\u0131ca sa\u011fl\u0131k mesle\u011fi mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0131bbi i\u015flem\/uygulamalar\u0131 nedeniyle soru\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve bu ki\u015filere tazminat\u0131n r\u00fccu edilmesi<\/strong>ni detayland\u0131rmak amac\u0131 ile 31867 Say\u0131l\u0131 Y\u00f6netmelik \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fccu nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Detaya girmeden \u00f6nce, anlam\u0131n\u0131 bilmeyen okurlar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in \u201cr\u00fccu\u201d<\/em><\/strong>yu tan\u0131mlayal\u0131m; yap\u0131lan \u00f6demeyi, bir ba\u015fka taraftan (sorumlu\/kusurlu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiden) almak i\u00e7in ba\u015flat\u0131lan i\u015flemlere r\u00fccu denmektedir.\u00a0R\u00fccuda en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z taraf, Sigorta \u015firketleri ve idaredir. \u00d6zel Hastanede \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar haricindeki hekimlere, tazminat talebiyle do\u011frudan dava a\u00e7\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in; hekimin kusurlu eylemi sonucunda ma\u011fdur oldu\u011funa inanan hasta veya yak\u0131nlar\u0131, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u0130dare Mahkemesinde dava a\u00e7ar. Dava s\u0131ras\u0131nda hekimin kusuru oldu\u011fu kanaatine var\u0131l\u0131r ise, tazminat \u00f6deyen \u0130dare, bu tazminat\u0131, hekim\/sa\u011fl\u0131k personelinden kusuru oran\u0131nda r\u00fccu eder yani geri al\u0131r. \u0130dare Mahkemesi\u2019nde dava devam ederken Bakanl\u0131k\u2019\u0131n o davada ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131na \u201cdavan\u0131n ihbar edilmesi\u201dni istemesi de bu y\u00fczdendir; davan\u0131n kaybedilmesi halinde e\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n\u0131n hatta belki birden \u00e7ok personelin kusuru\/ihmali varsa, Bakanl\u0131k o paray\u0131 sorumlulu\u011fu oran\u0131nda o ki\u015filerden geri alacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131na r\u00fccu gerektiren hal nedir?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

31867 Say\u0131l\u0131 Y\u00f6netmelik\u2019te, Kurul\u2019un sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 ad\u0131na \u00fcstlenece\u011fi tazminat\u0131n istisnas\u0131, yani sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131na r\u00fccu gerektiren hal<\/strong> \u015fu \u015fekilde belirtilmi\u015ftir; \u201cancak <\/em>kasten g\u00f6revinin gereklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareket etmek suretiyle g\u00f6revini k\u00f6t\u00fcye kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesinle\u015fmi\u015f ceza mahkemesi karar\u0131 ile tespit edilmesi halinde<\/em><\/strong> ilgili sa\u011fl\u0131k meslek mensubundan tazminata konu olaydaki kusur oran\u0131 g\u00f6zetilerek Kurul taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen miktar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6denmesinin istenilmesidir.\u201d<\/em> (madde 6(b)-2\/iii)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cHi\u00e7bir sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131, hastay\u0131 sakat b\u0131rakay\u0131m ya da \u00f6ld\u00fcreyim arzusu ta\u015f\u0131maz\u201d<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00fccu konusundaki bu \u201ckas\u0131t\u201d<\/em> kelimesi, okurlar\u0131m\u0131zdan ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z baz\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015flerden anlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00fczere kafa kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bu sebeple konuyu biraz a\u00e7al\u0131m; dizivari olaylar haricinde elbette ki hi\u00e7bir sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131, hastay\u0131 sakat b\u0131rakay\u0131m ya da \u00f6ld\u00fcreyim arzusu ta\u015f\u0131maz. Burada bahsedilmesi gereken, hukuktaki kast-taksir ayr\u0131m\u0131 ve sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revi nedeniyle en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 su\u00e7lamalar\u0131n hangi kategoriye girdi\u011fidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kast<\/strong> ve taksir<\/strong>in, tan\u0131mlama olarak birbirine yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlar olsa da, ikisi ayn\u0131 \u015fey de\u011fildir. Taksir (dikkat ve \u00f6zen y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen eylem) ile i\u015flenen su\u00e7lar, isteyerek yani kas\u0131tla i\u015flenmez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin taksirle yaralama\/\u00f6ld\u00fcrme<\/strong> su\u00e7undan yarg\u0131lanan bir sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n\u0131n eylemi, ad\u0131 \u00fczerinde oldu\u011fu \u00fczere kas\u0131t unsuru ta\u015f\u0131mamaktad\u0131r. Bu sebeple, bu hususta ceza yarg\u0131lamas\u0131na muhatap olan sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131 hakk\u0131nda, Mesleki Sorumluluk Kurulu\u2019nun tazminat \u00f6demi\u015f ise \u00e7al\u0131\u015fana r\u00fccu etmemesi beklenecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011fi \u00f6tenazi, \u00e7ocuk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrtme, g\u00f6revi ihmal, g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma, r\u00fc\u015fvet, meslek s\u0131rr\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klama vb su\u00e7lar ise kasten i\u015flenebilen<\/strong> su\u00e7lard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yukar\u0131da bahsetti\u011fimiz Y\u00f6netmelik\u2019te, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131na r\u00fccu gerektiren durum olarak sadece \u201cg\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma\u201ddan bahsedilmi\u015ftir. Bu su\u00e7u, bir kamu g\u00f6revlisinin, icra veya ihmal yoluyla, g\u00f6revinin gereklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareket etmesi; bu yolla zarara veya haks\u0131z menfaate yol a\u00e7mas\u0131 \u015feklinde \u00f6zetleyebiliriz.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Peki kasten i\u015flenen bir su\u00e7tan ceza ald\u0131m ama bu su\u00e7, ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unu da olu\u015fturuyor, Kurul yine mi r\u00fccu davas\u0131 a\u00e7ma hakk\u0131 kazan\u0131yor?<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu konu \u015fu an i\u00e7in hukuken tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Y\u00f6netmelik maddesi dar yorumlan\u0131rsa; iddianame ve yarg\u0131laman\u0131n \u00f6rne\u011fin r\u00fc\u015fvet su\u00e7u \u00fczerinden ilerlemesi halinde, bu su\u00e7 ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7unu olu\u015ftursa da, ki\u015fi r\u00fc\u015fvet su\u00e7undan ceza alacakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7u, genel ve tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 bir su\u00e7 tipidir. Kamu g\u00f6revlisinin g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma su\u00e7undan ceza sorumlulu\u011funun do\u011fabilmesi i\u00e7in, g\u00f6revinin gereklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 hareketinin ba\u015fka bir su\u00e7u olu\u015fturmamas\u0131 gerekir. Yeni Kanunda \u00f6zel bir ad alt\u0131nda d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olan ba\u015fka bir su\u00e7, ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma tan\u0131m\u0131na da girse bile, r\u00fccu i\u00e7in aranan \u015fart \u201cg\u00f6revini k\u00f6t\u00fcye kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kesinle\u015fmi\u015f ceza mahkemesi karar\u0131 ile tespit edilmesi\u201d oldu\u011fundan \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fc r\u00fccu edilmemelidir. D\u00fczenlemenin hekim dostu ve iyi niyetli oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylendi\u011fine g\u00f6re, sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki, malpraktis davas\u0131nda milyonluk tazminat konulu mali kayg\u0131y\u0131 azalt\u0131labilmesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan uygulaman\u0131n bu \u015fekilde olmas\u0131 temennimizdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Geni\u015f yorumlan\u0131rsa; hukuken ki\u015fi ayn\u0131 su\u00e7tan iki defa cezaland\u0131r\u0131lamayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, Yasada spesifik olarak d\u00fczenlenen bir su\u00e7tan al\u0131nan cezan\u0131n, ayn\u0131 zamanda g\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanmay\u0131 da ispata yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131, bu sebeple r\u00fccu kapsam\u0131na girmesi gerekti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilecektir. \u00dclkemizde malpraktis davalar\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 dikkate al\u0131narak, Bakanl\u0131k\u2019\u0131n \u00fcstlenece\u011fi tazminat miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak amac\u0131 ile \u201cg\u00f6revi k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanma\u201dn\u0131n geni\u015f yorumlanarak uygulanmas\u0131 muhtemeldir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u221e \u221e \u221e \u221e \u221e \u221e<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yine bu d\u00fczenlemelerin yanl\u0131\u015f anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair duyulan bir nokta da, devam eden r\u00fccu davalar\u0131nda ne olaca\u011f\u0131 ve Mesleki Sorumluluk Kurulu\u2019na kimin ba\u015fvuraca\u011f\u0131 meselesidir. 7406 Say\u0131l\u0131 yasa 15. maddede bu durum a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r; \u201cMesleki Sorumluluk Kuruluna ba\u015fvurmas\u0131 i\u00e7in davac\u0131ya iki ayl\u0131k s\u00fcre verilir.\u00a0Ba\u015fvuru yap\u0131lmamas\u0131 h\u00e2linde dava usulden reddedilir.\u201d<\/em><\/strong> <\/em>Burada davac\u0131 olarak an\u0131lan taraf, \u201c\u0130dare\u201ddir.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu d\u00fczenlemeler \u00f6ncesinde, Mahkemece verilen karar \u00fczerine Bakanl\u0131k, kusurlu ki\u015filere do\u011frudan r\u00fccu davas\u0131 a\u00e7abiliyor iken; art\u0131k dava \u00f6ncesinde Mesleki Sorumluluk Kurulu ilgili tazminat\u0131n r\u00fccu edilip edilemeyece\u011fi konusunda karar makam\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Tabii bu karar\u0131, uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011fa taraf olan Bakanl\u0131k\u2019\u0131n kendisine ba\u011fl\u0131 Mesleki Sorumluluk Kurulu\u2019nun verecek olmas\u0131, tarafs\u0131z kararlar \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n pek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayaca\u011f\u0131 endi\u015fesi uyand\u0131rmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yine bu d\u00fczenleme \u00f6ncesinde; 2547 Say\u0131l\u0131 Yasaya tabi olanlar hari\u00e7 sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u015fikayet \u00fczerine Savc\u0131l\u0131k do\u011frudan soru\u015fturma ba\u015flatabilir ken, art\u0131k di\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in soru\u015fturma izni verilmesi veya verilmemesi konusunda da Savc\u0131l\u0131k a\u015famas\u0131ndan \u00f6nceki karar makam\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Kurul kararlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131, Ankara N\u00f6bet\u00e7i B\u00f6lge \u0130dare Mahkemesine itiraz edilebilecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yak\u0131n tarihli bu d\u00fczenlemelerde, \u015fimdilik Mesleki Sorumluluk Kurulu\u2019nun icraatlar\u0131 ile ilgili sonu\u00e7lar ve somut veriler olu\u015fmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bu sebeple yaz\u0131m\u0131zda \u201colmas\u0131 gerekeni\u201d anlatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fsak da \u201ci\u015fleyi\u015fte olan\u201d\u0131 ilerleyen zamanlarda hep beraber g\u00f6rece\u011fiz. Merak etti\u011finiz konular\u0131 bizimle payla\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z, belki gelecek yaz\u0131m\u0131zda sizinle o konuda g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcz\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu yaz\u0131 Acil T\u0131p B\u00fclteni’nin \u015eubat 2023 tarihli<\/em> 13. say\u0131s\u0131nda<\/a><\/em> yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

7406 Say\u0131l\u0131 \u201cT\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu ve Baz\u0131 Kanunlarda De\u011fi\u015fiklik Yap\u0131lmas\u0131na Dair Kanun\u201d ile, hekim\/di\u015f hekimi ve di\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131k meslek mensuplar\u0131n\u0131n, soru\u015fturma ve\u00a0r\u00fccu\u00a0s\u00fcrecini…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":917,"featured_media":3396,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8,10015],"tags":[10316,10315],"class_list":["post-3395","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hukuk-kosesi","category-sosyal-blog-yazisi","tag-hekime-rucu","tag-mesleki-sorumluluk"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3395","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/917"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3395"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3395\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3396"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3395"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3395"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tatd.org.tr\/aciltipbulteni\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3395"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}